Krakowskie Pismo Kresowe

Front Matter

Thu, 01 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0100

Metryka józefińska jako źródło do dziejów wojskowości ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem wschodniej Galicji

Michał Baczkowski — Thu, 01 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0100

THE JOSEPHINE METRICA AS A SOURCE FOR MILITARY HISTORY WITH PARTICULAR EMPHASIS ON EASTERN GALICIA

The Austrian land cadastre (Josephin record) drawn up in the years 1785-1788 in Galicia, i.e. in the territories of the First Polish Partition, is an important material for economic research (especially regarding agriculture and tax matters) in these areas. An in-depth analysis of these materials reveals that they are of some importance for reconstructing the military significance of cities and towns. This applies to two periods of time:
1. Times of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (late 16th-early 18th century)
2. Austrian rule (late 18th century)
For the times of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, the Josephine record contains scarce, but in individual cases valuable information about the city’s fortifications. The most valuable are the data on small defensive sites, which until now remain almost unknown. For Austrian times, information about military garrisons, especially in small towns, is of value, omitted in the collective summaries from the times. As a source of a tax nature, the Josephine record is only complementary to other sources concerning military history.

Najwyżej zatwierdzone rozporządzenie Komitetu Ministrów „W sprawie trybu cenzurowania rękopisów kazań wygłaszanych w kościołach rzymskokatolickich” jako instrument kontroli Kościoła rzymskokatolickiego w Imperium Rosyjskim

Anton Huz — Thu, 01 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0100

THE HIGHEST APPROVED REGULATION OF THE COMMITTEE OF MINISTERS “ON THE PROCEDURE FOR CENSORING MANUSCRIPTS OF SERMONS PREACHED IN ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCHES” AS AN INSTRUMENT OF CONTROL OF THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE

This article attempts to trace the Russian imperial policy towards the Roman Catholic Church through the lens of a normative and legal document from the times of the Russian Empire – the Highest Approved Regulation of the Committee of Ministers “On the procedure for censoring manuscripts of sermons preached in Roman Catholic churches”. This document established control of the Church by introducing censorship, and thus interfering with the process of preparing, censoring and approving sermons written by the Roman Catholic clergy.

Onufrij Wolanśkyj i idee ultramontanizmu w Kościele greckokatolickim na początku ХХ wieku

Roman Lechniuk — Thu, 01 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0100

ONUFRIY VOLYANSKY AND IDEAS OF THE ULTRAMONTANISM IN GREEK-CATHOLIC CHURCH IN GALICIA IN THE EARLY 20TH CENTURY

The article analyzes the life and ideas of the Greek Catholic priest Onufriy Volyansky which are an infrequent example of the spread of ultramontane ideas among the Greek Catholic clergy in Galicia. The author examines the role of Volyansky’s studies, primarily at the Faculty of Theology of the University of Innsbruck, in shaping his worldview. Volyansky’s public-journalistic legacy is also considered in detail, first of all in the church magazine “Nyva”, because there his views can be seen in the most detailed and clear way. As a representative of ultramontanism – an idea that put the interests of the Catholic Church first, rather than individual nations or any other – Volyansky strongly opposed the spread of modern ideologies like socialism or liberalism, criticized various anti-church ideas that gained popularity in the early twentieth century. He contrasted them with the idea of the Church and Christian principles’ dominance in politics, culture, and other aspects of society. According to the author, the ultramontanism of Onufriy Volyansky had no chance to become a popular idea in the realities of the early twentieth century. However, his ideas are not without significance, and also show the involvement of at least part of the Greek Catholic clergy in the main intellectual debates that took place in the Catholic Church at that time.

Bośniaccy Rusini na przełomie XIX i XX wieku w świetle pracy Josyfa Grodśkiego Położenie Rusinów w Bośni

Tomasz Jacek Lis — Thu, 01 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0100

YOSYF GRODSKY AND BOSNIANS’ RUTHENIAN IN PERIOD 1878-1918

The article presents the person of Yosyf Grodsky, the greek-catholik clerk from Lviv, which was moved to Bosnia in 1907-1908. He was Methropolite Andrey Sheptytsky’s friend. He send Yosyf Grodsky to Bosnia because Sheptytsky wanted to know the lives of Ruthenian farmers who came from villages in Bosnia. Also he wanted popularize topic of Ruthenian colonisation in Bosnia and Hercegovina. In 1909 Grodsky published book Positon of the Ruthenian from Bosnia. The article presentes some information about this book, and I would like to show more details about Ruthenian society in this part of Balkan Peninsula in the Austro-Hungarian period.

Sprawy gospodarcze w korespondencji hr. Benedykta Tyszkiewicza do ks. Andrzeja Lubomirskiego (przyczynek)

Łukasz Chrobak — Thu, 01 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0100

ECONOMIC MATTERS IN THE CORRESPONDENCE OF COUNT BENEDICT TYSZKIEWICZ TO FR. ANDRZEJ LUBOMIRSKI (CONTRIBUTION)

Benedykt Tyszkiewicz did not live to see his biography. He was one of the most influential Polish industrialists in the Russian partition in the Kiev governorate. After studies and internships in Belgium and France, he returned to his hometown of Andruszówka and started modernizing the family estate. He managed to modernize the sugar factory in Plisków and set up a machine factory. By marrying Maria Lubomirska, he became associated with the Przeworsk ordinance line of the Lubomirski family from Przeworsk. Through his friendship with his brother-in-law Andrzej Lubomirski, he indirectly influenced the development of the sugar industry in Galicia. During his life in Kresy, he corresponded with Andrzej Lubomirski, with whom he shared his comments on social and, above all, economic issues.

Galicja i front wschodni we wspomnieniach włoskich żołnierzy armii austro-węgierskiej

Bartosz Kaczmarek — Thu, 01 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0100

GALICIA AND THE EASTERN FRONT IN THE DIARIES OF THE ITALIAN SOLDIERS OF THE AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN ARMY

The article is a translation and analysis of some selected parts of diaries and memoirs of five Italians, soldiers of the Austro-Hungarian Army, who at the outbreak of the Great War fought in the area of Galicia and Bukovina. Its aim is also to depict the level of participation of the Italian subjects of Emperor Franz Joseph in the military actions on the Eastern front and also to reconstruct, basing it on mentioned sources, their perception of the area of Galicia and the conditions of trench warfare.

Historia „Słowa Polskiego” podczas II wojny światowej

Kasper Bednarek — Thu, 01 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0100

THE HISTORY OF SŁOWO POLSKIE DURING SECOND WORLD WAR

The article presents the history of one of a few Polish underground newspapers Słowo Polskie, which was issued by National Military Organization (NOW) during German and the second Soviet occupation in Lviv (1943-1946). The publication was based on NOW members’ relations, gathered by Boleslaw Tomaszewski. The author describes the structure of NOW, as well as the places where printing houses and contact points were located.

Losy członków Ukraińskiej Powstańczej Armii i Organizacji Ukraińskich Nacjonalistów internowanych w Czechosłowacji po II wojnie światowej

Vlastimil Ondrák — Thu, 01 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0100

THE FATE OF THE MEMBERS OF THE UKRAINIAN INSURGENT ARMY AND ORGANISATION OF UKRAINIAN NATIONALISTS INTERNEDIN CZECHOSLOVAKIA AFTER 1945

The article provides information on the topic of soldiers of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA) imprisoned in Czechoslovakia during the so called “Action B” or “The Great Raid to the West”, which occured in 1947. The first part describes the problematic of occurence of the UPA raiding units in Czechoslovakia after the Second World War, the problematic of caught courries of OUN and terms and conditions in and under which the prisoners were kept in as well as agreements between Poland and Czechoslovakia regarding these people, legally Polish citizens in most cases, and obligation of Czechoslovakia to both these people and Poland. In second part the article presents intentions of the Czechoslovak side regarding the future of capture people and the processes that lead to their extradition to Poland as well as the the extradition plans, their evolution and execution. The last part consists of fates of these people after having been extradited to Poland and Czechoslovak-Polish actions in later extraditions and investigation of those who managed to evade capture. The author also analyses why the original intentions of the Czechoslovak side were not realized. The annexes present lists of captured Ukrainians and their fate in form of tables.

Wizerunek Polski (II RP, PRL i III RP) we współczesnych ukraińskich podręcznikach historii

Ołeksandr Nepryćkyj, Tetiana Melnyczuk — Thu, 01 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0100

THE FATE OF THE MEMBERS OF THE UKRAINIAN INSURGENT ARMY AND ORGANISATION OF UKRAINIAN NATIONALISTS INTERNEDIN CZECHOSLOVAKIA AFTER 1945

Back Matter

Thu, 01 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0100

Kolekcja sybiracka Archiwum Naukowego Polskiego Towarzystwa Ludoznawczego we Wrocławiu. Bibliografia komentowana, wstęp i oprac. Małgorzata Ruchniewicz, Polskie Towarzystwo Ludoznawcze, Wrocław 2020, Biblioteka Zesłańca, Świadectwa XX wieku, t. 1, 520 ss.

Wiktoria Kudela-Świątek — Thu, 01 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0100

IMAGE OF POLAND (SECOND POLISH REPUBLIC, POLISH PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC AND THIRD POLISH REPUBLIC) IN MODERN UKRAINIAN HISTORY TEXTBOOKS

The article analyses which image of Poland is present in modern Ukrainian textbooks of history for pupils of 10th and 11th forms (regarding the period since 1918 till present) that were written after the start of the Russian-Ukrainian war in 2014 and were published during 2018-2019. The study is based on content analysis of 30 textbooks on The History of Ukraine, World History and the integrated course “History: Ukraine and the World” for pupils of 10th and 11th forms. In order to determine how positive or negative is the image of Poland that is formed in the mind of the reader, the 4th year students of the History Department of Mykhaylo Kotsiubynsky Vinnytsia State Pedagogical University were asked to determine the number of mentions of the words Poland, Polish, the Poles etc. with positive, neutral and negative connotation in every textbook. The obtained results were then subject to quality analysis.
We may observe the ambiguous reflection of the image of Poland in Ukrainian history schoolbooks, which is a logical reflection of long-lasting and complex historical relations between the Poles and the Ukrainians. In general, the image of Poland in The History of Ukraine textbooks is worse than the one presented in the World History textbooks as the authors were forced to show different sides of Polish-Ukrainian interaction in the 20th century. However, real historical conditions for Polish-Ukrainian friendship and cooperation at the current stage and the results of the work of the Joint International Committee of Experts on Improving the Content of School Textbooks have undoubtedly influenced the situation – in spite of highlighting truly difficult relations between the two peoples, the “enemy image” of Poland is not formed; attention is mostly focused on broad political, social, cultural and other circumstances that have led to ambiguous situations in Polish-Ukrainian relations. At the world history level authors mostly focused on presenting Poland as a victim of totalitarian regimes and a symbol of the fight for freedom. The negative part of the image of Poland goes back to the confrontation between the Polish and the Ukrainians in the 1st half of the 20th century (after the events of World War I) and the positive side is based on unity in resisting totalitarianism, protection of democracy, integration into the EU and NATO. Consequently, the image of the Second Polish Republic and the Polish Republic of 1944-1952 is worse that the image of the Third Polish Republic (the image of Polish People’s Republic is very indistinct altogether). This image of Poland, which is gradually improving in Ukrainian textbooks of history from 1918 to 2018 is an indicator of good prospects for further international cooperation as the pupils see the positive dynamics and will be able to continue this process.