Właściwości językowe taks wojewodzińskich dla piekarzy krakowskich z lat 1573-1630

Abstrakt

LINGUISTIC PROPERTIES OF LOCAL TAXES FOR KRAKÓW BAKERS FROM THE YEARS (1573–1630)

In the National Archives in Kraków, within the series Libri taxarum victualium et rerum mechanicarum, under reference number 29/667/115, there is a folder containing manuscript documents of exceptional value for historical and linguistic research: Voivodeship Price Regulations for Bakers from July 15, 1573 to August 16, 1630. These regulations are subjected to a linguistic analysis in the present article which is divided into four parts. The first part addresses the generic features of the price regulations, as the structure of these documents for bakers is relatively uniform. It can be captured within a certain compositional framework, allowing the hypothesis that the regulations represented a distinct genre of official text in the 16th and 17th centuries. The second part reviews selected characteristic phonetic features of these documents, namely: the realization of nasal vowels, closed vowels, the pronunciation of e before j in the ending -ej>ėj and in the suffix of the comparative degree of adverbs, vowel changes in dependent positions (i. e., the development of i, y before l, ł into e), the influence of other half-open vowels on preceding vowels, the pronunciation of l’, the anticipation of palatalization, and the unification of consonants in terms of voicing in medial position and at word boundaries. The third part, focused on inflection, examines the following forms of adjectives and nouns: instrumental singular of the pronominal-adjectival declension; genitive, dative, and locative singular as well as genitive plural of the feminine declension; accusative singular of vowel-stem feminine nouns; the expansive use of the -ow ending from the -ŭ- declension to other masculine nouns in this case; the locative singular of the -ŏ- stem declension; remnants of the dual number in the regulations. In the fourth part, an analysis of the superlative forms of adjectives and the puzzling form jemny/odjemny is presented.