Intercultural Relations

Front Matter

2023-08-17

Wstęp

Wojciech Mazur — 2023-08-17

Szkoła – integracja – niepełnoletni uchodźcy

Monika Banaś — 2023-08-17

Niniejszy tekst dotyczy reformy szkolnictwa średniego szczebla wprowadzonej przez szwedzkie władze w 2018 roku. Reforma była odpowiedzią na dwa kluczowe zjawiska oraz ich konsekwencje: kryzys migracyjny, mającego apogeum trzy lata wcześniej, oraz rosnące koszty utrzymania państwa dobrobytu, zagrażające jego finansowemu bezpieczeństwu. Oczywiście należy być świadomym, że zreformowanie szkolnictwa nie było jedynym przedsięwzięciem w szeregu innych mających sprostać wyzwaniom szwedzkiego welfare state.

Miotani wichrem wojny. Chińscy uchodźcy w czasie wojny z Japonią 1937–1945

Jakub Polit — 2023-08-17

TOSSED ABOUT BY THE WINDS OF WAR. CHINESE REFUGEES DURING THE WAR WITH JAPAN 1937–1945

The Sino-Japanese War drove tens of millions of Chinese people from their homes. Only occasionally did they receive any help. Some had never returned home. A majority of the refugees were men. Many of them (sometimes even a half half of them) were related to the sphere of culture and education. This was surprising since the average Chinese was illiterate. The Republic of China’s government attempted to evacuate universities and secondary schools. It also did not have the means to arm all the men of military age.

Masakra nankińska 1937–1938 jako źródło chińskiej narodowej traumy kulturowej

Leqi Du — 2023-08-17

NANKING MASSACRE 1937–1938 AS A SOURCE OF CHINESE NATIONAL CULTURAL TRAUMA

The Nanjing massacre is today one of the most important historical events for the Chinese national identity, however, until 1982, the topic of the massacre did not enjoy much interest. This paper, using Jeffrey C. Alexander’s theory of cultural trauma and the example of the Memorial Hall for the Victims of the Nanjing Massacre, shows how the Chinese authorities gave the initially unknown massacre the rank of a national trauma. Symbolic representation, trauma narratives, and the institutionalization of trauma were crucial in this process.

Powojenny japoński pacyfizm jako narzędzie budowania dialogu międzykulturowego

Maciej Pletnia — 2023-08-17

POST-WAR JAPANESE PACIFISM AS A TOOL FOR BUILDING INTERCULTURAL DIALOGUE

The end of World War II marked the beginning of a long and complicated process of reconstructing a collective identity for the Japanese people, a process that largely continues to this day. The best example of this is the presence of contrasting attitudes toward the events of the war. This article highlights issues related to pacifist values and their relevance to the collective identity of contemporary Japanese. With the collapse of the previous identity at the end of World War II, pacifism has become one of the key values for contemporary Japanese. Using the concept of “core values” developed by Jerzy Smolicz, this article examines postwar pacifist movements from the mid-1950s through the 21^st century.

„Papierowa wojna” – czyli o mniej znanych aspektach pewnej znanej klęski wojennej propagandy

Wojciech Mazur — 2023-08-17

‘PAPER WAR’ – OR THE LESSER-KNOWN ASPECTS OF A CERTAIN WELL-KNOWN FAILURE OF WARTIME PROPAGANDA

The article presents examples of the construction of a war narrative aimed not so much at accurately informing the public about key decisions for the state, but at ways of constructing messages to achieve strategic objectives, which do not necessarily prove to be effective.

Reinterpretacja wizerunku prezydenta Wołodymyra Zełenskiego w polskich memach internetowych w czasie wojny ukraińsko-rosyjskiej

Rafał Mazur — 2023-08-17

REINTERPRETATION OF THE IMAGE OF PRESIDENT VOLODYMYR ZELENSKY IN POLISH INTERNET MEMES DURING THE UKRAINE-RUSSIA WAR

The article discusses the online reception of the image of Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky in 2022. A quantitative-qualitative method was used to analyze 126 internet memes published on the Polish website Kwejk.pl. The analysis of the memes studied showed that the Ukrainian-Russian conflict is simplified to a battle between the leaders of the warring countries. While Volodymyr Zelensky is almost exclusively presented positively by internet users as a hero and a simple, likable person, Russian President Vladimir Putin is his complete opposite – a weak, cowardly and greedy man. By creating and spreading such memes, internet users therefore reinterpret the media images of politicians. The creators of memes become not only commentators, but also participants in political life, having a real impact on public opinion. Internet memes should therefore be treated as a highly valuable informational and image-related tool in the war.

Opowieść o codzienności w wojennej Ukrainie – fotografie Justyny Mielnikiewicz

Barbara Weżgowiec — 2023-08-17

A TALE OF EVERYDAY LIFE IN WARTIME UKRAINE – PHOTOGRAPHS BY JUSTYNA MIELNIKIEWICZ

The aim of this article is a reflection on the way of “telling” about modern Ukraine, especially about its people involved in the war that is currently waged there, using photographs. The direct matter of interest and analysis is the exhibition “In Ukraine. Justyna Mielnikiewicz”, that had been opened between 2^nd September and 6^th November 2022 in the International Cultural Centre in Cracow. The authors note, that the report photos can be described as “emotional portraits”, which aim at moving the viewers by making them aware about the situation, in which the Ukrainians are found, as well as commemorating of the victims.

Stres wojny i migracji – konsekwencje dla dzieci i młodzieży

Władysław Łosiak — 2023-08-17

STRESS OF WAR AND MIGRATION – CONSEQUENCES
FOR CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

Stress caused by war and forced migration is an extremely traumatic experience for everyone, both adults and children, consequently causing impairment in general functioning and negative changes in mental health. Children and youth are especially vulnerable to negative effects of traumatic stress and data collected by UN indicate, that, in different parts of the world, millions of children experienced traumatic events, witnessing death of a close relative or being exposed to physical violence. Post traumatic stress disorder is the most frequently observed mental disorder in such circumstances as well as depression and anxiety disorders. Moreover some traumatized children exhibit impairment in school performance and difficulties in social functioning. This article presents a review of literature on traumatic war experiences of children and youth from different countries as well as on consequences of trauma – post traumatic stress disorder, other disorders and impairment in functioning.

Dziecko-uchodźca w polskiej edukacji

Julia Łosiak-Pilch — 2023-08-17

STRESS OF WAR AND MIGRATION – CONSEQUENCES FOR CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

Uczniowie z doświadczeniem uchodźczym a szkolne sytuacje dydaktyczno-wychowawcze

Katarzyna Smoter — 2023-08-17

STUDENTS WITH REFUGEE EXPERIENCE AND SCHOOL TEACHING AND LEARNING SITUATIONS

The situation of the war in Ukraine has significantly changed the image of Polish education. Shortly after the outbreak of this armed conflict, a large group of people experiencing the effects of refugees appeared in our country, and among them – children and adolescents subject to compulsory education. The appearance of these pupils and students was associated with the need for a significant reorganization of the teaching-learning process. Currently, it is becoming significant to think about how the presence of war refugees can change the course of school teaching-learning situations. These situations have a multidirectional potential for development, risky, ambiguous character; they are a construct composed of nine interacting elements (students, teacher, goals, results, content, didactic means and methods, forms and conditions of work) (Łukawska 1986). The object of this article is to show the description of these categories, known from the pedagogical literature, enriched by the multicultural context, marked by the situation of war, and the needs of students with refugee experience. What becomes crucial here is the reflection on the importance of committed and responsible construction of didactic and educational situations with concern for the subjective participation of all learners in them.

Back Matter

2023-08-17