Celem czasopisma jest publikacja wyników badań prowadzonych w różnych ośrodkach naukowych polskich i zagranicznych w zakresie historycznej i współczesnej wiedzy o mediach. Zakres tematyczny obejmuje szeroko rozumianą problematykę historii, teorii oraz praktyki mediów, co jednocześnie konstytuuje główne obszary tematyczne nauk o komunikacji społecznej i mediach. Podstawową formą czasopisma jest wersja on-line. Czasopismo jest udostępniane na zasadach Open Access, oznacza to wolny, bezpłatny, powszechny, trwały i szybki dostęp do publikacji elektronicznych o treści naukowej. Każdy użytkownik sieci ma prawo czytać, drukować, indeksować, cytować i przeszukiwać pełne teksty artykułów, raportów z badań, a także korzystać z materiałów bez ograniczeń finansowych, prawnych i technicznych, przy zachowaniu praw autorskich.
Sprawozdanie z sympozjum „Rozwijanie świadomości ekologicznej i mass media.W 10-lecie ogłoszenia «Encykliki poświęconej trosce o wspólny dom Laudato sì»papieża Franciszka” (Kraków, 7 maja 2025 r.)
Brak abstraktu dla tego artykułu.
Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Barbara Sitko (Autor) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Publicystyka ks. Ferdynanda Machaya w polskiej debacie publicznej
Historical contexts reveal the fundamental social impact of the words preached, written and printed by clerical publicists. This study will analyze the journalistic efforts of Fr. Ferdinand Machay. During the research, qualitative content analysis of 513 journalistic texts (including 508 newspaper texts) in printed form was applied. The main research problem is the reconstruction of the world image of Polish reality in the years 1912-1965 on the basis of its press representation of Ferdinand Machay, while the research objectives are: to study the thematic profile of Machay’s journalism in different periods of Polish history (World War I, interwar, People’s Republic of Poland); to show the press representation of social issues in the years 1912-1965, such as poverty, social exclusion, the reform plan, political and party creations, diagnosis of social inequality, reform strategies and demands, among others; and to search for the dominant method of Fr. Machay’s journalistic activity.
Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Dariusz Raś (Autor) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Samoregulacja i instrumenty odpowiedzialności mediów w Polsce
The Polish media system has been struggling for years with a crisis resulting from political polarization, state interference perceived as a restriction on freedom of speech, ownership changes in the media market, and those driven by technological progress. In many countries, media self-regulation mechanisms—such as ethical codes, press councils, and news ombudsmen—serve as a remedy for the decline in media quality by increasing transparency and professionalism. However, in Poland, these solutions are either underdeveloped or ineffective. The aim of this article is to analyze these mechanisms and explore the possibilities of their implementation in Poland to improve journalistic standards and restore public trust in the media.
Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Michał Chlebowski (Autor) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Naturalizm metodologiczny i jego wyzwania dla medioznawstwa
Methodological naturalism advocates for scepticism towards incorporating elements into scientific explanations that are unfamiliar and incomprehensible to the current practice of science at any given historical moment. This stance challenges contem porary methodological practices in media studies, particularly in two areas: (1) the recognition of measurable social objects (e.g., media systems, social representations, public opinion), and (2) realism about meaning (e.g., concepts of encoding and decoding messages, transmission of meaning). In this paper, I propose adopting methodological naturalism to address these problematic elements within media studies theories. I explore three naturalism-inspired solutions: the epidemiological model, practice theory, and the narrative approach, which may provide valuable insights for media scholars.
Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Michał M. Bukowski (Autor) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
The capacity of the communication scene is manifested in the continuous emergence of new forms of communication, caused, among others, by the development of civilization, in particular technology and new media ways of communication. This situation is conducive not only to positive socio-cultural effects, but also negative ones, which contribute to the dehumanization of the communication scene. Currently, some of the phenomena can already be distinguished as dehumanizing. There are also many open questions about the appearance and ways of communication in the future. This paper is devoted to several phenomena already present on the communication scene, and at the same time raises questions about its future.
Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Małgorzata Bulaszewska (Autor) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Praktyka komunikacyjna krytykowanie i jej potencjał analityczny
The aim of this article is to outline the concept of criticizing as a complex linguistic action and communicative practice, and to demonstrate its potential for operationalization as an analytical tool in discourse studies. In this framework, criticizing functions as a means of accessing knowledge constructed within press discourses, including insights into the representation of discourse actors. The proposed approach, which extends and refines prior German-language research on discourse, is illustrated through the analysis of Polish press discourse concerning the rule of law in Poland.
Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Anna Hanus (Autor) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
In the article, the term media studies linguistics (medioznawstwo lingwistyczne) is proposed to denote research on the functioning of language in the media. This term is constructed similarly to designations of branches of applied linguistics such as psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, legal linguistics (jurislinguistics), political linguistics (politological linguistics), or mathematical linguistics, in which both components of the name are names of subdisciplines: linguistics and law, linguistics and sociology, linguistics and psychology, linguistics and political science (politics), linguistics and mathematics, and not just the name of the environment in which the language functions—that is, media (medio-)—and the designation of the discipline that studies it—linguistics; mediolinguistics. Media studies linguistics deals with the study of the use of language in the media, that is, its functioning in printed, audiovisual, logovisual, digital, and network mass communication media. Today, we are dealing with new (digital) forms of language existence and a completely different semiotic code, conditioned by the development of new media technologies, which, in the era of artificial intelligence and virals, also require a new approach to studying media communication.
Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Maciej Kawka (Autor) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Katarzyna Drąg (Autor) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Sprawozdanie z konferencji Współczesne Media 13: Dziennikarstwo jakościowe (Lublin, 27-28 kwietnia 2022 r.)
Kłopoty z (nie)pamięcią. Recenzja książki Olgi Wesołowskiej „Poszukiwanie tożsamości w kraju (nie)pamięci. O dokumentalnej twórczości Ruth Beckermann”
Fakty, emocje, narracje prasowe w sytuacji zagrożenia: przypadek konflfliktu krymskiego w publicystyce w lutym i marcu 2014 roku
FACING DANGERFACTS, EMOTIONS, AND NARR NARRATIVES. THE CASE OF THE CRIMEA CONFLFLICT IN PRESS NARRATIVES IN FEBRUARY AND MARCH 2014 The article describes press narratives in face of the Russian invasion of Crimeain 2014. In the polish press there were anxiety and disbelief that Western countries did not understanda ruse of Russian politicstowards Ukraine and they did not take any firm decision to stop the Crimea Anschluss. Narratives about the Crimea conflict accentuated the integrity of Ukrainian territoryand the hesitation of western leaders was considered as protecting particular interests, and unfortunatelynear-sighted ones. In the analyzed materials there were distinguished few perspectives on Russian and European leaders, while the role of Poland was marginalized. It was proof, that the discourse was surprisinglywidely opened and not focused on national interests. It is worth noticing, that in the context of positive happenings in Ukraine (Majdan, decampment of Wiktor Janukowycz) the Crimea conflict in 2014 was not considered as highly dangerous, as were the trials of the annexation of Ługansk and Doneck area. Nobody knew that it was only the introduction of the next dramatic events; that’s why it is interestingwhat were the shapes of politicians’predictions.
Kapitał kulturowy a konceptualizacja tekstów medialnych przez uczniów szkół średnich
CULTURAL CAPITAL AND THE CONCEPTUALIZATION OF MEDIA TEXTS BY HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS The article presents the initial assumptions of the research project, the subject of which is the conceptualization of media texts by students of the first grades of secondary schools, taking into account their cultural capital. The research material consists of written works that were created as part of the research on linguistic and text-forming competences in 2013-2020. Four assumptions were made: written student text is an excellent diagnostic tool; it can be a tool for verifying the level of students' cultural capital; it allows to find out how students conceptualize various cultural texts, including media texts; the way of conceptualizing media texts allows to define the level of media competences (here limited to perceptive competences). The author refers to the sociological theory of cultural capital by P. Bourdieu and the concept of a text of culture (including media text) developed on the basis of media and literary genology. The preliminary analysis shows that students willingly reach for cultural texts learned outside the school and want to refer to them in their works. At the same time, it is confirmed that students watch more than read. The media messages cause the most problems for students. The cultural capital of students is built on media and popular culture texts. However, it is not discussed at schools. Such cultural capital does not help in deeply experiencing the culture offered by school, and on the other hand - the development of cultural competences by schools does not help students understand texts more closely, e.g. media texts (including films, series that do not belong to so-called high culture).
O świadomości gatunkowej – wokół mediolingwistycznego modelu badań kompetencji nadawczych
ON GENRE AWARENESS: A MEDIA LINGUISTIC MODEL FOR THE STUDY OF SENDER’S COMPETENCE This article is a discussion of the concept of genre awareness. It attempts to define this concept in two planes: normative and communicative-discursive. Seen in a normative context, genre awareness highlights genre itself as a template, a structure and a schema - thus collectively as a norm - and, above all, it underlines its recognition by the sender of the message. The communicative-discursive perspective, on the other hand, points to the ability to use genres in the broad field of language communication, where the interaction between the sender and the receiver is critical. Genre awareness can be understood not only in terms of knowledge that allows recognition of the genre type with its determinants, but also the capacity to discursively perform the consequent acts. Thus, competence is an abstract construct that can be studied through concrete realisations and communicative practices. At the same time, it marks a highly individualised, intentional manifestation of the actions of the media communicator - the journalist. The article concludes with a section outlining research opportunities in the field of genre awareness in media texts.
PROFILING IN MEDIA SELF-IMAGING. A COMPARATIVE ANA ANALYSIS OF THE LANGUAGE OF THE NEWS SERVICE OF POLISH RADIO THREE IN THE PERIODS 2014-2015 AND 2020-2021 Concept profiling is a method related to the study of linguistic images of the world. The article uses it to show how the self-image of the radio broadcaster has changed in its news broadcasts (using the examples of “Serwis Trójki” and of Polish Radio Three). Analyses of the material from 2014-15 and 2020-21 showed that the intensity of self-imaging remained at a constant, not high level, while changes occurred, among other things, in the ways of naming stations, the frequency of activating various facets of the image and filling them with content.
Wspomnienie o Profesor Snežanie Venovskiej-Antevskiej (1959-2020)
uantitative lexical textual image of the world
Mechanizmy identyfikacji wątków katastroficznych w dyskursie medialnym
THE MECHANISMS OF IDENTIFYING CATASTROPHIC THREADS IN MEDIA DISCOURSE The Great War, the October Revolution, not even the World War II have managed to put catastrophism to an end. Each one of these cataclysms materialized fears, on which the catastrophisms, acknowledged as an specific ideological formation, had fed on, but some of them throughout the second part of the twentieth century have changed its forms and revised themselves. The catastrophic moods are undoubtedly fanned by the media, which are probably the most effective at it, given the fact that the media discourses are the ones commonly observed in mediatized society. The purpose of this article is to present a theoretical and methodological concept, which enables identifying the catastrophic treads in the media discourse. The purpose of identifying the catastrophic threads in media discourse can be served by two research methods - the content analisys and the discourse analysis. The usage of both these methods enables reconstitution of both static (lexical semantic) and dynamic (taking into the account the relations of signs to interpreters, therefore pragmatic) discourse structures. The main goal of content analysis is to identify the catastrophic threads, while the discourse analysis enables identyfying discoursive manifestations of catastrophic threads, which I acknowledge simply as the catastrophic threads in context, it’s scope being the functional, axiological and ontological domain of discourse.
A MEDIA AUDIENCE – PERPETRATOR OR VICTIM? The term audience is hard to define. Despite many proposals, its content has not been established in the form of a commonly accepted definition. In relation to the media, audience usually means recipients of the press, radio and television and Internet users. The discourse about the audience focuses on the problems of mutual interactions, relationships, mutual influence on content as well as attitudes, views and behavior of people. The media audience is sometimes treated as a victim of manipulation, propaganda and advertising, or – on the other hand – as a causative agent, the client imposing his requirements on bidders and expecting to meet certain conditions. As an actor , media audience can act as a crowd, potential electorate, conscious subject of reception or witness (observer, viewer). It is also a scene creating various public spaces (Coleman and Ross).
THE FREE PRESS IN POLAND AND ITS EVOLUTION The article contains a description of a short history of the development of the free press in Poland and the evolution of its thematic content in 1989-2018. In its development five stages of development can be distinguished: 1. the emergence of local titles (1987-1996), 2. the increase in the number of local and regional titles (1997-1999), the creation of national titles and the rollover of country-wide titles (2000) -2006), 3. the period of intensifying economic crisis in the world and Poland, which inhibited the dynamics of development of this type of magazines and led to the stage of struggle for the advertising market between two major titles: „Metro” (Metrocafe from 2007) and „Nasze Miasto”, especially in 2006- 2007, 4. transfer of the free press to the Internet, especially its first editions (2007-2012), and 5. the emergence of a new type of free press, i.e. the creation of local and nationwide corporate titles.
Nowe media, nowe dziennikarstwo – dylematy medioznawcze
THE NEW MEDIA, NEW JOURNALISM – THE MEDIA STUDIES DILEMMAS The new media achieve the subsequent stages of development and it is more obvious that they have a great influence on traditional journalism. Journalism as profession undergoes the most fundamental transformation and it is due to the omnipresent news, the global access to information, the immediate reporting, interaction, the multimedia content and the extreme personalization. It is more difficult to describe and analyze these processes in the sciences about the media restricting only to the theory of mass communication. The range of the problems and dilemmas connected with the new media and new journalism which are determined by the periodical media communication are presented in the article. It is a result of the demassification of mediated communication caused by the development of the subsequent generation of the digital media: Web1.0, Web 2.0, Web 3.0 which are defined as the new media. The undergoing processes force another research perspective in the sciences about the media than the theory of mass communication. Although this theory is still popular in explaining the processes of communication, it is necessary together with the development of the new media to go to other theoretical findings that allow us to describe the communication in the net.
Mowa nienawiści we współczesnej przestrzeni medialnej – diagnoza koncepcji „walczących słów” w aspekcie etyki słowa
HATE SPEECH IN THE CONTEMPORARY MEDIA SPACE – DIAGNOSING THE CONCEPT OF “EXCITABLE SPEECH” IN THE ASPECT OF VERBAL ETHICS Tackling the topic related to hate speech and its broad context; attempt at describing the notion as a phenomenon entangled in numerous social dependencies and capturing the media consequences of using hate speech - these are the main objectives of this article. Although the researchers dealing with verbal ethics realize that the notion of hateful words - if hidden beneath multiple phrases - has accompanied humans from the very beginning of language and verbal communication, it is with the arrival of the Internet that this phenomenon revealed a new force in the science of language and the media, and consequently highlighted new means and tools of communication on the Internet and with the use of the new media. On the one hand, single words in the wide space of the Internet have lost their force and significance in the face of semantic saturation observable in this medium, on the other hand, communication on the Internet reinforced the effect of the communication (through permanent display of the messages, their intermediality, transmediality, crossmediality and multimediality). Although common words formerly associated with elite and - on the other hand - everyday use have been mixed and intermingled in the mass culture melting pot and nowadays appear side by side, on equal rights, which could involve a reduced impact and force of such words, in the face of absolute dominance of the new media it is the average utterances of ordinary quality, yet communicated in a sharp, often sensational form, that have the capacity to affect a wide audience of the media.
Od empatii do ironii. Media i ich odbiorcy wobec tragedii wojny w XXI wieku
FROM EMPATHY TO IRONY. MEDIA AND ITS AUDIENCE TOWARDS THE TRAGEDY OF THE WAR IN THE 21ST CENTURY The aim of the article is to present the selected media concepts related to the narratives on wars and armed conflicts, with particular emphasis on media representations affecting recipients attitudes – including their emotional relations – towards the modern humane theatrum mundi, in which key elements are the tragedy of victims, responsibility (or impunity) of persecutors and actions of ‘benefactors’, i.e. individual or collective heroes of a humanitarian imaginarium at the beginning of the 21st century. The author of the article discusses selected concepts such as gatekeeping, agenda setting and framing in order to explain the media functioning in the process of reporting the tragedies. Referring to essential works – among others – by L. Boltanski, L. Chouliaraki, S. D. Moeller, A. Hoskins and B. O’Loughlin – the author outlines the evolution of the attitudes of journalists and their audience from the ‘empathic paradigm of public engagement through the compassion fatigue to the ironic viewer of the postmodern era.
Teoretyczne obramowanie analiz gatunków prasowych (medialnych) – propozycja autorska
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK OF PRESS (MEDIA) GENRES – AN AUTHORIAL PROPOSAL The article presents a description of the cognitive space, within which the linguistic (philological) background treated as the basis for the analysis, is combined with an extensive research field of the modern media studies. The main part of the paper shows a constellation of concepts creating the theoretical background of multi-aspect analyzes of rich and diverse textual practice, composed of press utterances. The following terms were treated as elements of the said constellation: genre (genre pattern, aspects and variants of the pattern, genre paradoxes, genre field and field of genre references), press genres, discourse (media discourse, including press discourse, the absorptive nature of the press discourse), genre reductionism, collections of genres and their textual realizations (mosaics and text collages), genre duplicates, as well as typological problems, basic assumptions and goals of genre analyzes. The treatment of genres (especially press genres) of utterances as dynamic and polymorphic categories enables researchers: (1) to analyze variously configured sets of utterances, (2) to track their transformations (within a specified time interval), (3) to characterize these utterances (not only immanently, but within the discursive analysis), (4) paying attention to the differential and descriptive features, which permits seeing both the boundaries between selected generic phenomena, and not overlooking the possibility of appearance of forms creating a continuum, in fact syncretic ones, yet not losing their genre identity.