Sowiniec

Front Matter

2024-12-15

Sprawozdanie z działalności Fundacji Centrum Dokumentacji Czynu Niepodległościowego w 2018 roku

Adam Roliński — 2024-12-15

Sprawozdanie z działalności Fundacji Centrum Dokumentacji Czynu Niepodległościowego w 2019 roku

Adam Roliński — 2024-12-15

Back Matter

2024-12-15

Kampania podhalańska I Brygady Legionów Polskich (listopad-grudzień 1914)

Tomasz Dudek — 2024-12-15

THE PODHALE CAMPAIGN BY THE 1ST BRIGADE OF THE POLISH LEGIONS (NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 1914)

The article describes an episode from the battles fought in the first year of World War I between the Russian army entering West Galicia and the Austro-Hungarian army defending Krakow. Polish military units organised by Józef Piłsudski within the Austro-Hungarian army, organised into the 1st Infantry Regiment, also took part in the battles conducted from 23 November to 12 December. The Legionnaires' task was to halt the Russian advance, which was approaching Kraków in the second half of November that year. The 1st Infantry Regiment of the Polish Legions was attached to the Hungarian corps commanded by General Gyul Nagy which was to attack the Russian troops heading for Kraków from the south-west. The legionnaires, who were then in the village of Zawoja in difficult terrain conditions, with no artillery of their own and limited supplies, not only managed to stop the Russian advance, but also began to drive the Russian troops out of the areas they had occupied. Of particular note were two major battles at Limanowa and Marcinkowice, which Józef Piłsudski's subordinates had to fight at the time. The campaign ended with the entry of legionary troops into Nowy Sącz on 12th December 1914.

Zabici i zmarli z ran w walkach o Lwów we wrześniu 1939 roku

Karol Kubicki — 2024-12-15

PERSONS KILLED AND DIED OF WOUNDS IN THE FIGHTS FOR LVIV IN SEPTEMBER 1939 RECORDED IN LIBER MORTUORUM OF ST.MARY MAGDALENE PARISH IN LVIV

From the first day of World War 2, Lviv, one of the largest Polish cities, was the aim of German air force attacks. On 12 September 1939, German troops made the first attempt of capturing the city. Eventually, after ten days of defence, troops of the Red Army entered Lviv on 22 September 1939. Fights in defence of Lviv during the 1939 Polish September Campaign resulted in numerous victims, both among the soldiers of the Polish Army and among the civilian population. Most people died as a result of bombing raids and artillery shelling of the city by the Germans. In the publications to date, the number of deaths among the civilian population has been estimated at 4-5 thousand people (about 300 killed every day). Based on the available sources, mainly church registers of the dead (liber mortuorum) and cemetery registers of burials, the number of civilian victims of the September fights for Lviv was verified as roughly half that (2,000 killed, around 100 each day). The annex contains a list of those killed and died due to wounds in September 1939, recorded in the Book of the Dead in one of the Lviv parishes, St. Mary Magdalene Parish. Among 44 people, there are also names of officers, policemen, lecturers, architects, officials, as well as ordinary residents of Lviv, railroad workers, merchants, maids, students and even children.

Wojsko jako internowanie

Elwira Brodecka — 2024-12-15

THE ARMY AS INTERNMENT: FORMS OF THE REPRESSION DURING THE MARTIAL LAW IN THE YEARS 1982-1983 AGAINST ACTIVISTS OF THE ANTICOMMUNIST OPPOSITION PLACED IN MILITARY SPECIAL CAMPS (PART II)

The work focuses its issues on one of the repression forms used in the martial law introduced on 13th December 1981 to pacify the society which tried to change the fossilised communist system through activity in the Independent Self-Governing Trade Union “Solidarity”. It was not a new solution in the Polish People’s Republic – just after the Second World War the communist authority drafted into “alternative military service” opponents of sovietisation of the country, directing them to forced labour in mines. Fearing a social rebellion before the second anniversary of the independent trade union registration, communist authorities interned in military special camps, functioning in Poland from 5 November 1982 to 3 February 1983, 1450 trade union activists and members of the political parties unaccepted by communists. 264 younger colleagues of these people were drafted into the basic military service lasting two years in three units intended for this purpose.

Moje wspomnienia z Czerwonego Boru

2024-12-15

Od Mostycza po Rzeczypospolitą Mościską

Krzysztof Nowakowski — 2024-12-15

W służbie Polskiego Państwa Podziemnego na Kresach

Zbigniew Zabokrzecki — 2024-12-15

Wspomnienie o Robercie Kulaku (1960-2019)

Krzysztof Nowakowski — 2024-12-15