Frustracja towarzysząca pracy nad kreowaniem polityki zagranicznej państwa
Przypadek wybranych urzędników pierwszej administracji Donalda J. Trumpa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12797/Politeja.23.2026.104.15Keywords:
emotions, frustration, international relations, foreign policy, United States, Donald TrumpAbstract
This article examines the frustration experienced by American officials responsible for shaping U.S. foreign policy. The text analyses the emotives of frustration and the emotional states of the President and his subordinates, drawing on constructivist theory and the English School of International Relations. The analysis shows that all individuals whose cases were examined experienced frustration. This feeling of frustration stemmed from the inability to achieve the intended objectives and was linked to differing expectations between the President and his subordinates, as well as differing value systems. In all cases, frustration resulted in a feeling of resignation, which was sometimes preceded by anger, and led ultimately to the dismissal of officials.
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