Hołodomor jako symbol niezłomności w ukraińskiej kulturze pamięci w ostatniej dekadzie

Abstract

THE HOLODOMOR AS A  SYMBOL OF RESILIENCE IN UKRAINIAN MEMORY CULTURE IN THE LAST DECADE

The main purpose of this article is to show what changes the Holodomor commemoration has experienced in Ukraine in the last decade (2014-2023). The author asks herself whether, as a  result of the war, the narrative about the Holodomor that was shaped in the years 1991-2014 as the foundation of Ukrainian identity has changed in public discourse, whether it is about the formation of a new way of presenting the Holodomor in a public space or whether it is just a mutation of the established image of the memory of the Holodomor in Ukrainian culture before the war? In search of answers to these questions, the author firstly discusses the role of commemorating the Holodomor in the first decades of Ukraine’s independence, when the culture of Holodomor memory was developing (1991-2014). She then presents the changes in the culture of Holodomor memory that occurred during the eight years since the occupation of Crimea and Donbas by the Russian Federation. Finally, the changes in this memory culture after the development of full-scale hostilities from February 2022 to the present are presented. In this analysis, the author focused primarily on the legacy of famine and its presence in memorial sites throughout the three periods she distinguished.