Krakowskie nieruchomości jezuitów w XVI‒XVIII w.

Abstract

16th–17th CENTURY JESUIT PROPERTIES IN KRAKÓW

The Jesuits arrived in Kraków in the early 1680s; they took over St Barbara’s Church; a monks’ house and the seat of the provincial were built in Sienna Street; and St Stephen’s Church was raised in Szczepańska Street, where a novitiate was established. At the beginning of the 17th century, the church of St Peter and St Paul and a college were built on Grodzka Street. The Jesuits also owned townhouses on Grodzka, Poselska, Szczepańska and Szpitalna Streets, as well as manor houses with gardens outside the city walls, used as farmsteads – in Nowa Wieś, Czarna Wieś, on the Rudawa River, in front of the New Gate, in Szlak Street near Kleparz, in Wesoła and at the foot of the Wawel. In 1732, St Stephen’s Church was transferred to the Kraków Academy. After the dissolution of the Order in 1773, in accordance with a decision of the Sejm, part of the post-Jesuit property was taken over by the Commission for National Education, while part was put up for auction. The novitiate in Szczepańska Street housed the city’s army barracks from 1776. St Barbara’s Church was administered by the Congregation of Merchants and the Order of the Holy Sepulchre monks from Miechów, relocated from Stradom. The Church of St. Peter and St. Paul was handed over to the Cistercians from Mogiła, later to become a garrison church, and in 1830 the parish was transferred here from the demolished All Saints’ Church. The college was initially home to retired Jesuit priests; the property was taken over by the Crown Main School and then by the Cistercians. From 1796 it housed government offices: the Senate of the Free City of Kraków in 1815-1846, and later the National and Appellate Courts of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy. The palace with a garden in the Wesoła district was transferred to the Kraków Academy by the National Education Commission; the Botanical Garden and the Astronomical Observatory were created. In 1774 the Kraków councillors purchased the manor house on Szlak Street for the city, and properties in the vicinity of the Wawel Castle and some townhouses were acquired by Kraków citizens. The townhouse in Szczepańska Street was given to the Kraków Academy by the Commission, while the townhouse in Szpitalna Street was taken over by the municipality.