A Note on the Etymology of Brūtes/Brūtis ‘a (Latin-Speaking?) Bride’
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12797/CC.27.2024.27.15Keywords:
Latin etymology, Latin language, historical lexicology, Gothic languageAbstract
The purpose of this article is to trace the etymology of the Late Latin word brūtes/brūtis ‘(Latin-speaking?) wife’ and try to decide whether the exact origin of this word can go back without doubt to the Gothic form *brūþs attested in the form of the acc. sg. in the Gothic translation of the Bible made by the bishop Wulfila in the 4th century AD, as is usually assumed in the scholarly literature. It is concluded that the origins of the word should rather be traced to East Germanic *brūþiz although all of the details are still not clear due to the lack of direct evidence and other hypotheses should also be considered.
PlumX Metrics of this article
References
EDCS = Epigraphik-Datenbank Clauss/Slaby, M. Clauss et al. (eds).
EDH = Epigraphic Database Heidelberg
OLD = Oxford Latin Dictionary, P.G.W. Glare (ed.), Oxford 1968.
WP = Wulfila Project
Bloch O., von Wartburg W., 1964, Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue française, Paris.
Brüch J., 1913, Der Einfluss der germanischen Sprachen auf das Vulgärlatein, Heidelberg.
Corazza V., 1969, Le parole latine in gotico, Rome.
Ernout A., Meillet A., 2001, Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue latine, Paris.
Falluomini C., 2015, The Gothic Version of the Gospels and Pauline Epistles: Cultural Background, Transmission and Character, Berlin–Boston, https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110334692. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110334692
Gamillscheg E., 1934, Romania Germanica. Sprach- und Siedlungsgeschichte der Germanen auf dem Boden des alten Römerreiches, vol. 1: Zu den ältesten Berührungen livischen Römern und Germanen. Die Franken. Die Westgoten, Berlin.
Gamillscheg E., 1935, Romania Germanica. Sprach- und Siedlungsgeschichte der Germanen auf dem Boden des alten Römerreiches, vol. 2: Die Ostgoten.
Die Langobarden. Die altgermanischen Bestandteile des Ostromanischen. Altgermanisches im Alpenromanischen, Berlin.
Green D.H., 1998, Language and History in the Early Germanic World, Cambridge.
Hartmann F., 2020, The Vandalic Language: Origins and Relationships, Heidelberg.
Hartmann F., Riegger C., 2022, ‘The Burgundian Language and Its Phylogeny: A Cladistical Investigation’, NOWELE 75/1, pp. 42–80, https://doi.org/10.1075/nowele.00062.har. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1075/nowele.00062.har
Heather P., 1998, The Goths, Oxford.
Herman J., 2000, Vulgar Latin, transl. R. Wright, University Park.
Kroonen G., 2013, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic, Leiden.
Lehmann W.Ph., 1986, A Gothic Etymological Dictionary, Leiden. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004610538
Loewe R., 1906, ‘Altgermanische Elemente der Balkansprachen’, Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung 39, pp. 265–334.
Onesti N.F., 2002, I Vandali. Lingua e storia, Rome.
Pudić I., 1964, ‘Die altgermanischen Elemente in den Balkansprachen und die Frage des sog. Balkangermanischen’, [in:] Proceedings of the Ninth Inter national Congress of Linguists, Cambridge, Mass., August 27–31, 1962, H.G. Lunt (ed.), The Hague–Paris, pp. 862–869.
Restelli G., 1979, ‘I più antichi imprestiti gotici nel latino’, [in:] Conoscenze etniche e rapporti di convivenza nell’antichità, M. Sordi (ed.), Milan, pp. 229–246.
Rohlfs G., 1947, Germanisches Spracherbe in der Romania, München.
Rohlfs G., 1954, Die lexikalische Differenzierung der romanischen Sprachen ,München.
Scardigli P., 1973, Die Goten. Sprache und Kultur, Munich.
Simon Z., 2018, ‘Keltischer Einfluss im Latein Pannoniens? Eine kritische Neubetrachtung‘, Graeco-Latina Brunensia 23/1, pp. 195–209, https://doi.org/10.5817/GLB2018-1-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5817/GLB2018-1-12
Simon Z., 2021, ‘Brutes: zur Herkunft eines germanischen Lehnwortes in den lateinischen Inschriften’, Glotta 97/1, pp. 309–320, https://doi.org/10.13109/glot.2021.97.1.309. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13109/glot.2021.97.1.309
Stearns M., 1978, Crimean Gothic: Analysis and Etymology of the Corpus, Saratoga.
Todd M., 1992, The Early Germans, Oxford.
Wilczyński M., 2018, Germanie w służbie zachodniorzymskiej w V w. n.e., Oświęcim.
Wolfram H., 1990, History of the Goths, Berkeley.
Wolfram H., 1997, The Roman Empire and Its Germanic Peoples, Berkeley.
Zironi A., 2009, L’eredità dei Goti. Testi barbarici in età carolingia, Spoleto.
Zironi A., 2023, ‘Gothic Texts: Translations, Audiences, Readers’, [in:] Medieval Translations and Their Readers, P. Rychterová, J. Odstrčilík (eds), Turnhout, pp. 21–42, https://dx.doi.org/10.1484/M.TMT-EB.5.133060. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1484/M.TMT-EB.5.133060
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
