Polityka bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego Unii Europejskiej wobec Afryki w kontekście globalnego kryzysu żywnościowego z 2022 roku
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12797/Politeja.20.2024.89.09Keywords:
food security, war in Ukraine, wheat, Solidarity Lines, FARMAbstract
EUROPEAN UNION FOOD SECURITY POLICY TOWARDS AFRICA IN THE CONTEXT OF THE GLOBAL FOOD CRISIS OF 2022
Russia’s invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022 triggered one of the most serious post-war food security crises in the world. The pillars of food security have been threatened in the countries dependent on agricultural imports from Russia and Ukraine, particularly those in Africa and Asia. The subject of the article is to show the external reaction of the EU to the food crisis towards Africa in the context of contemporary events caused by the war in Ukraine. The aim of the article is to find answers to the following questions: will the current food security crisis affect EU–Africa relations?
Downloads
References
Action Plan on Nutrition, Publications Office of the EU, [online] www.op.europa.eu
View in Google Scholar
Bartosiewicz M., Obopólne rozczarowanie. Szczyt Rosja–Afryka, „Analizy OSW” 2023, 2 VIII, [online] https://www.osw.waw.pl/pl/publikacje/analizy/2023-08-02/obopolne-rozczarowanie-szczyt-rosja-afryka.
View in Google Scholar
Bazhenowa H., Zerwanie Czarnomorskiej Inicjatywy Zbożowej i nowe wyzwania dla gospodarki Ukrainy, „Komentarze IEŚ”, nr 928 (176/2023), [online] https://ies.lublin.pl/komentarze/zerwanie-czarnomorskiej-inicjatywy-zbozowej-i-nowe-wyzwania-dla-gospodarki-ukrainy/.
View in Google Scholar
Black See Grain Initiative, United Nations, [online] https://www.un.org/en/black-sea-graininitiative/vessel-movements.
View in Google Scholar
Boosting Food and Nutrition Security Through EU Action: Implementing Our Commitments, Commission Staff Working Document, SWD (2013) 104 final, Brussels, 27 III 2013, [online] https://eur-lex.europa.eu.
View in Google Scholar
Botti F., Marín A., The Implications of Global Multi-Crises for EU–Africa Relations: In the Food Security Domain, ETTG, November 2022, [online] https://ettg.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/In-the-food-security-domain.pdf.
View in Google Scholar
Carter C.A., Steinbach S., Russian Weaponization of Food Rattles Global Markets, „Agriculture and Resource Economics” 2023, vol. 26, no. 6, [online] https://s.giannini.ucop.edu/uploads/pub/2023/09/18/v26n6.pdf.
View in Google Scholar
Cereal Exports: Ukraine Default Hits African Countries Hard, KIEL Institute for the World Economy, [online] https://www.ifw-kiel.de/publications/media-information/2022/cerealexports-ukraine-default-hits-african-countries-hard/?cookieLevel=not-set.
View in Google Scholar
Charlton K., Food Security, Food Systems and Food Sovereignty in the 21st Century: A New Paradigm Required to Meet Sustainable Development Goals, „Nutrition and Dietetic” 2016, vol. 73, no. 1, s. 3-12, https://doi.org/10.1111/1747-0080.12264. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1747-0080.12264
View in Google Scholar
The Commission Acts in Support of Food Security and Resilience in the Southern Neighbourhood, European Commission, 6 IV 2022, [online] https://neighbourhood-enlargement.ec.europa.eu/news/commission-acts-support-food-security-and-resilience-southernneighbourhood-2022-04-06_en.
View in Google Scholar
Czarnomorska inicjatywa zbożowa. Oświadczenie wysokiego przedstawiciela w imieniu UE w sprawie wycofania się przez Rosję z czarnomorskiej inicjatywy zbożowej, Komunikat prasowy, 17 VII 2023, [online] https://www.consilium.europa.eu/pl/press/press-releases/2023/07/17/black-sea-grain-initiative-statement-by-the-high-representative-on-behalf-of-theeuropean-union-on-russia-s-termination-of-the-black-sea-grain-initiative/.
View in Google Scholar
Czerep J., Wojna Rosji z Ukrainą wymusi przyspieszenie reform produkcji żywności w Afryce, „Biuletyn PISM” 2022, nr 69 (2488), [online] https://www.pism.pl/publikacje/wojna-rosji-z-ukraina-wymusi-przyspieszenie-reform-produkcji-zywnosci-w-afryce.
View in Google Scholar
Dahm J., African Union Farming Chief: Crisis Offers a Chance to Produce Our Own Food, „Euractiv” 2023, 24 I, [online] https://www.euractiv.com/section/agriculture-food/interview/african-union-farming-chief-crisis-offers-a-chance-to-produce-our-own-food/.
View in Google Scholar
Declaration of the World Summit on Food Security, Rzym, 16-18 XI 2009, [online] https://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/economy/fishery/wsfs0911-2.pdf.
View in Google Scholar
EU/AU Summit – Developing Opportunities for Plant-Based Proteins in Africa, Élysée, 18 II 2022, [online] https://www.elysee.fr/en/emmanuel-macron/2022/02/18/eu-au-summit-developing-opportunities-for-plant-based-proteins-in-africa.
View in Google Scholar
Europe–Africa Relations in a Multi-Crises World: Turning the Page After COVID-19, the EU–AU Summit and the War Against Ukraine, red. D. Fattibene, ETTG, January 2023, [online] https://ettg.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/ETTG-Report_Europe-%E2%80%93-Africa-relations-in-a-multi-crises-world.pdf.
View in Google Scholar
FAO Food Price Index, Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United States, [online] https://www.fao.org/worldfoodsituation/foodpricesindex/en/.
View in Google Scholar
FARM: The Private Sector Committing to Food Security, [online] https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en/french-foreign-policy/development-assistance/other-major-sectors/foodsecurity-nutrition-and-sustainable-agriculture/news/article/farm-the-private-sectorcommitting-to-food-solidarity-global-business-for-food.
View in Google Scholar
FARM Initiative – Implementation of the „Sustainable Production” Pillar with IFAD, [online] https://onu-rome.delegfrance.org/Nouvelle-traduction-Initiative-FARM-Mise-en-oeuvredu-pilier-production-durable.
View in Google Scholar
Food Assistance, European Commission, [online] https://civil-protection-humanitarian-aid.ec.europa.eu/what/humanitarian-aid/food-assistance_en.
View in Google Scholar
Food Security, „Policy Brief ” 2006, no. 2, [online] https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/templates/faoitaly/documents/pdf/pdf_Food_Security_Cocept_Note.pdf.
View in Google Scholar
Food Security Update, The World Bank, January 2023, [online] https://thedocs.worldbank.
View in Google Scholar
org/en/doc/40ebbf38f5a6b68bfc11e5273e1405d4-0090012022/related/Food-Security-Update-LXXVI-January-12-2023.pdf.
View in Google Scholar
Fox B., Borell: EU Must Improve Its Offer to Africa to Remain Its ‘First Partner’, „Euractiv” 2020, 29 X, [online] https://www.euractiv.com/section/africa/news/borrell-eu-mustimprove-its-offer-to-africa-to-remain-its-first-partner/.
View in Google Scholar
Glossary Food System, Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United States, [online] https://a4nh.cgiar.org/2020/01/26/glossary-food-systems/.
View in Google Scholar
Hunger Hotspots. FAO–WFP Early Warnings on Acute Food Insecurity: October 2022 to January 2023 Outlook, Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United States, [online] https://docs.wfp.org/api/documents/WFP-0000142656/download/?_ga=2.121572234.382617369.1707921656-753002816.1707646192.
View in Google Scholar
The Impacts and Policy Implications of Russia’s Aggression Against Ukraine on Agricultural Markets, OECD, 5 VIII 2022, [online] https://www.oecd.org/ukraine-hub/policy-responses/the-impacts-and-policy-implications-of-russia-s-aggression-against-ukraine-onagricultural-markets-0030a4cd/.
View in Google Scholar
The Importance of Ukraine and the Russian Federation for Global Agricultural Markets and the Risks Associated with the Current Conflict, Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United States, 2022, [online] https://www.fao.org/3/cb9236en/cb9236en.pdf.
View in Google Scholar
International Food and Agriculture Resilience Mission (FARM) Initiative for Food Security in the Most Vulnerable Vountries, [online] https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en/french-foreign-policy/development-assistance/other-major-sectors/food-security-nutrition-and-sustainableagriculture/international-food-and-agriculture-resilience-mission-farm-initiative-for-food/article/international-food-and-agriculture-resilience-mission-farm-initiative-for-food.
View in Google Scholar
Kołodziejczyk K., The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the European Union’s Policy Toward Global South Countries, [w:] The EU Toward the Global South During the Covid-19 Pandemic, red. K. Kołodziejczyk, Berlin 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3726/b20199
View in Google Scholar
Komisja Europejska zapłaci za transport zboża niezależnie od kosztów, wnp.pl, [online] https://www.wnp.pl/logistyka/komisja-europejska-zaplaci-za-transport-zboza-niezaleznie-odkosztow,649331.html.
View in Google Scholar
Komunikat Komisji do Parlamentu Europejskiego, Rady, Europejskiego Komitetu Ekonomiczno-Społecznego i Komitetu Regionów. Plan działań na rzecz korytarzy solidarnościowych między UE a Ukrainą ułatwiających wywóz produktów rolnych z Ukrainy i handel dwustronny między Ukrainą a UE, COM(2022) 217 final, 12 V 2022.
View in Google Scholar
Komunikat Komisji do Rady i Parlamentu Europejskiego w sprawie pomocy humanitarnej w zakresie żywności, KOM(2010) 126 wersja ostateczna, Bruksela, 31 III 2010, [online] http://publications.europa.eu/resource/cellar/24d87ede-c575-4fd7-a213-11b9101347b9.0012.02/DOC_4.
View in Google Scholar
Komunikat Komisji do Rady i Parlamentu Europejskiego z dnia 31 marca 2010 r. zatytułowany „Unijne zasady ramowe dotyczące wsparcia krajów rozwijających się w zakresie wyzwań związanych z bezpieczeństwem żywnościowym”, COM(2010) 127 wersja ostateczna, [online] https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/PL/TXT/?uri=celex%3A52010DC0127.
View in Google Scholar
Murphy T., Bloc Chains: Europe’s Partnerships on the Food Crisis in Africa, European Council on Foreign Relations, 12 IV 2022, [online] https://ecfr.eu/article/bloc-chainseuropes-partnerships-on-the-food-crisis-in-africa/.
View in Google Scholar
Murphy T., Demand Swerve: Lavrov in Africa, European Council on Foreign Relations, 29 VII 2022, [online] https://ecfr.eu/article/demand-swerve-lavrov-in-africa/.
View in Google Scholar
Murphy T., Neither America nor China: How Europeans Can Shape a New Order With the Global South, European Council on Foreign Relations, 18 V 2023, [online] https://ecfr.eu/article/neither-america-nor-china-how-europeans-can-shape-a-new-orderwith-the-global-south/.
View in Google Scholar
Piechowska-Strumik K., Umowa między Unią Europejską a Ukrainą w sprawie transportu drogowego towarów – przedłużona, TLP, 20 III 2023, [online] https://tlp.org.pl/umowa-miedzyunia-europejska-a-ukraina-w-sprawie-transportu-drogowego-towarow-przedluzona/.
View in Google Scholar
Pirozzi N., EU–Africa Need a New Strategy, Social Europe, 12 XII 2022, [online] https://www.socialeurope.eu/eu-africa-relations-need-a-new-strategy.
View in Google Scholar
Putin Ally Warns Agriculture Supplies Could Be Limited to ‘Friends’, Reuter, 1 IV 2022, [online] https://www.reuters.com/business/putin-ally-warns-agriculture-supplies-could-belimited-friends-2022-04-01.
View in Google Scholar
Qin Gang Makes A Four-Point Proposal on the Development of China–Africa Relations, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, 11 I 2023, [online] https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjdt_665385/wshd_665389/202301/t20230112_11006454.html.
View in Google Scholar
Rodkiewicz W., Antykolonialny sojusz z Globalnym Południem. Nowa „Koncepcja polityki zagranicznej Federacji Rosyjskiej”, „Komentarze OSW” 2023, nr 506, [online] https://www.osw.waw.pl/pl/publikacje/komentarze-osw/2023-04-07/antykolonialny-sojusz-z-globalnym-poludniem-nowa-koncepcja.
View in Google Scholar
Santeramo F.G., Kang M., Food Security Threats and Policy Responses in EU and Africa, „Sustainable Horizons” 2022, vol. 4, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.horiz.2022.100044. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.horiz.2022.100044
View in Google Scholar
Sprawozdanie Komisji dla Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady. Wdrażanie unijnej polityki bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego i żywieniowego. Pierwsze sprawozdanie dwuletnie, COM(2014) 712 final, [online] https://eur-lex.europa.eu/PL/legal-content/summary/against-hunger-in-developing-countries-eu-food-security-commitments.html.
View in Google Scholar
The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World, Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United States, 2022, [online] https://www.fao.org/3/cc0639en/cc0639en.pdf.
View in Google Scholar
Sukces ukraińskiego eksportu przez Morze Czarne, „Tygodnik Gospodarczy PIE” 2024, nr 2, [online] https://pie.net.pl/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Tygodnik-PIE_2-2024.pdf.
View in Google Scholar
Ukraine: Investments Needed to Overcome the Food Security Challenge, Farm Europe, 29 III 2023, [online] https://www.farm-europe.eu/news/ukraine-black-sea-grain-initiative-europeansolidarity-lanes-and-market-dynamics-situation-as-of-end-march-2023/.
View in Google Scholar
What is the Global Alliance for Food Security?, [online] https://www.gafs.info/about/.
View in Google Scholar
White A., Holtz L., Figure of the Week: African Countries’ Votes on the UN Resolution Condemning Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine, Brookings, 9 III 2022, [online] https://www.brookings.edu/articles/figure-of-the-week-african-countries-votes-on-the-un-resolution-condemning-russias-invasion-of-ukraine/.
View in Google Scholar
World Food Summit: Plan of Action, Rzym, 13-17 XI 1996, [online] https://www.fao.org/3/w3613e/w3613e00.htm.
View in Google Scholar
Wzrost importu żywności z Ukrainy do UE. Uwarunkowania i reakcje Europy Środkowej, „Komentarze OSW” 2023, nr 507, [online] https://www.osw.waw.pl/pl/publikacje/komentarze-osw/2023-04-11/wzrost-importu-zywnosci-z-ukrainy-do-ue-uwarunkowania-i.
View in Google Scholar
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
