Bośniacko‑hercegowińska etnonacjonalna polityka w kontekście ustroju i przyszłości państwa

Authors

  • Marinko Zekić Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12797/Politeja.11.2014.31_1.27

Keywords:

Bosnia and Herzegovina, multiculturalism, ethnopolitics, political elites, ethnic conflict, Dayton Peace Agreement, state building process, democratization, European integration

Abstract

The Ethno‑politics and the Status of the Sovereignty of Bosnia and Herzegovina

The underlying aim of the article is to contribute to the understanding the relation between ethnic claims and policies which determine social relations in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the debate on the current constitutional crisis in this country. The present ethno‑political regime heavily depends on the perpetual crisis as the primary source of political articulation and action. Though the Dayton Accords ended war and established peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the agreement did not create a functional central government, lacking the capacity to undertake the reforms needed to meet the terms of accession to the European Union. The peace treaty designed future state structures around the very ethnic‑based power struggles that shaped the conflict. As a result, ethnic‑based politics continued to dominate political space. These politics, combined with high levels of international oversight have distorted the state building process, and reduced democratization efforts. Today, Bosnia’s future is still uncertain. Political squabbles have seriously detracted from Bosnia’s ability to engage in reforms needed to boost its economy and move closer to the EU. Conflicting ambitions of national party leaders is an important factor in this failure. Representatives of an ethnic group can veto any decision that they feel does not accord with their interests. This means in effect that all major decisions have to be made by consensus among the main ethnic parties, which is often very difficult since they have fundamentally different views on Bosnia’s future. Although Bosnia and Herzegovina is currently not in danger of being dismembered, awareness that the country cannot survive without multi‑ethnic collaboration should remain one of the guiding principles for Bosnia’s ruling ethnically‑based political parties.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

PlumX Metrics of this article

Author Biography

Marinko Zekić, Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza

Doktor nauk humanistycznych, adiunkt w Instytucie Filologii Słowiańskiej UAM. zajmuje się głównie współczesnymi problemami społeczno-kulturowymi i politycznymi państw Półwyspu Bałkańskiego, zagadnieniami związanymi z tożsamością narodową, kulturową oraz cywilizacyjnymi aspektami współistnienia religii i kultur, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem wzajemnych oddziaływań dwóch kultur – islamskiej i zachodniej.

References

Altermatt U., Sarajewo przestrzega. Etnonacjonalizm w Europie, przeł. G. Sowiński, Kraków 1998, Biblioteka Myśli Politycznej.
Google Scholar

Babić M., Węzeł gordyjski: 15 lat daytonowskiej Bośni i Hercegowiny, [w:] Bośnia i Hercegowina 15 lat po Dayton. Przeszłość – teraźniejszość – perspektywy. Studia i szkice, red. P. Chmielewski, S.L. Szczesio, Łódź 2011, Bałkany XX/XXI.
Google Scholar

Bałkany Zachodnie a integracja europejska. Perspektywy i implikacje, Warszawa 2008, Urząd Komitetu Integracji Europejskiej, [online] https://polskawue.gov.pl/files/Dokumenty/Publikacje_o_UE/UKIE_Balkany_PL.pdf.
Google Scholar

Banović D., Gavrić S., Ustavna reforma u Bosni i Hercegovini, „Politička Misao” 2010, nr 2.
Google Scholar

Fakti: Rezultati ankete: građani ne vjeruju institucijama vlasti i političkim partijama u Bosni i Hercegovini novembar 2013. godine, Analitika – centar za društvena istraživanja, [online] http://www.analitika.ba/sites/default/files/publikacije/fact_attitudes_of_citizens_13nov2013.pdf.
Google Scholar

Federalny Urząd Statystyczny, Bośnia i Hercegowina, Federacja Bośni i Hercegowiny, Spis ludności 1999, [online] http://www.fzs.ba/popis.htm#_POPIS STANOVNIŠTVA 1991 I STARIJI.
Google Scholar

Hayden R., From Yugoslavia to the Western Balkans. Studies of a European Disunion, 1991‑2011, Boston 2012, Balkan Studies Library, 7.
Google Scholar

Hodžić K., Hasanović I., Neriješena ustavna pitanja u svjetlu kontraverzi i neslaganja o državnom uređenju i fiskalnom sistemu Bosne i Hercegovine. Društveni ogledi, „Časopis za Pravnu Teoriju i Praksu” 2014, nr 1.
Google Scholar

Human Rights Papers, Paper 3: Alternativni izvještaj o napretku 2014: politički kriteriji, Sarajevo 2014, Inicijativa za monitoring evropskih integracija Bosne i Hercegovine, [online] http://adi.org.ba/wp‑content/uploads/2014/07/Alternativni‑izvjestaj‑2014_BHS_za‑web.pdf.
Google Scholar

Imamović M., Osnove upravno‑političkog razvitka i državnopravnog položaja Bosne i Hercegovine, Sarajevo 2006.
Google Scholar

Izvještaj o ispunjenosti predizbornih obećanja partija na vlasti u Bosni i Hercegovini u mandatu 2010‑2014 [Sprawozdanie z realizacji obietnic wyborczych partii rządzącej w Bośni i Hercegowinie w kadencji 2010‑2014], UG „Zašto ne”, [online] http://istinomjer.ba/im3/wp‑content/uploads/2014/09/Izvje%C5%A1taj‑o‑ispunjenosti‑predizbornih‑obe%C4%87anja‑partija‑na‑vlasti‑u‑Bosni‑i‑Hercegovini‑u‑mandatu‑2010‑2014.‑partije.pdf.
Google Scholar

Krysieniel K., Między Dayton a Brukselą. Perspektywy transformacji, [w:] Bośnia i Hercegowina 15 lat po Dayton. Przeszłość – teraźniejszość – perspektywy. Studia i szkice, red. P. Chmielewski, S.L. Szczesio, Łódź 2011, Bałkany XX/XXI.
Google Scholar

Malcolm N., Povijest Bosne. Kratki pregled, Zagreb–Sarajevo 1995, Erasmus: Svjedočanstva. Mehmedić S., Opći izbori 2010 – Demokratski napredak ili dalje slabljenje države?, Sarajevo 2011, Centar za Sigurnosne Studije, Policy Brief, [online] http://www.css.ba/wp‑content/uploads/2011/06/images_docs_opci_izbori%202010.pdf.
Google Scholar

Nešković R., Nedovršena država. Politički sistem Bosne i Hercegovine, Sarajevo 2013.
Google Scholar

Nezavršeni mir. Potreba za dugoročnom strategijom u Bosni i Hercegovini, Nansen Dijalog Centar Sarajevo, Saferworld, 2010, [online] http://ndcsarajevo.org/files/Nezavrseni%20mir%20HR.pdf.
Google Scholar

Opći izbori 2010. Statistika općih izbora, Agencija za statistiku Bosne i Hercegovine, Sarajevo 2011, [online] http://www.bhas.ba/tematskibilteni/2010_OP_IZB_bh.pdf.
Google Scholar

Preliminarni rezultati Popisa stanovništva, domaćinstava i stanova u Bosni i Hercegovini 2013, Agencija za statistiku BiH, [online] http://www.bhas.ba/obavjestenja/Preliminarni_rezultati_bos.pdf.
Google Scholar

Sahadžić M., Priroda političkog sistema u Bosni i Hercegovini, [w:] Uvod u politički sistem Bosne i Hercegovine. Izabrani aspekti, red. S. Gavrić, D. Banović, Ch. Krause, Sarajevo 2009.
Google Scholar

Sarajlić‑Maglić D., EU politika demokratizacije u BiH – Ispravni principi, pogrešne politike, Program podrške istraživanjima u oblasti javnih politika 2007‑2008, [online] http://civilnodrustvo.ba/files/docs/EU_politika_demokratizacije_u_BiH.pdf.
Google Scholar

Strategija za Bosnu i Hercegovinu, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, [online] http://www.ebrd.com/downloads/country/strategy/bosnia‑herzegovina‑draft‑local.pdf.
Google Scholar

Thorsten G., Daytonski sporazum za Bosnu i Hercegovinu, [w:] Uvod u politički sistem Bosne i Hercegovine. Izabrani aspekti, red. S. Gavrić, D. Banović, Ch. Krause, Sarajevo 2009.
Google Scholar

Utvrđeni rezultati općih izbora 2014 godine, Predsjedništvo BiH, 27 X 2014, [online] http://www.izbori.ba/Utvrdjeni2014/Finalni/PredsjednistvoBiH/Default.aspx.
Google Scholar

Walkiewicz W., Periodyzacja: 5 – 10 – 15, czyli etapy nieimplementacji Dayton, [w:] Bośnia i Hercegowina 15 lat po Dayton. Przeszłość – teraźniejszość – perspektywy. Studia i szkice, red. P. Chmielewski, S.L. Szczesio, Łódź 2011, Bałkany XX/XXI.
Google Scholar

Sistem ranog upozoravanja, UNDP in Bosnia and Herzegovina, [online] http://issuu.com/unitednations_bih/docs/ews_bih_final.
Google Scholar

The Silent Majority Speaks: Snapshots of Today and Visions of the Future of Bosnia and Herzegovina, UNDP in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarajewo 2000, [online] http://www.ba.undp.org/content/bosnia_and_herzegovina/en/home/library/democratic_governance/the‑silent‑majority‑speaks.html.
Google Scholar

Published

2014-09-12

How to Cite

Zekić, Marinko. 2014. “Bośniacko‑hercegowińska Etnonacjonalna Polityka W kontekście Ustroju I przyszłości państwa”. Politeja 11 (5 (31/1):523-38. https://doi.org/10.12797/Politeja.11.2014.31_1.27.