The Policy of the George H.W. Bush’s Administration Toward Macedonia

Authors

  • Sławomir Lucjan Szczesio University of Łódź

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12797/Politeja.11.2014.30.20

Keywords:

Yugoslavia, Macedonia, United States of America, Bush Administration, disintegration of Yugoslavia

Abstract

At the end of the Cold War, Yugoslavia lost its geopolitical significance for the United States. The President George H.W. Bush Administration tried to support these political forces in the SFRY, which tended to maintain the multiethnic country, for example the new Prime Minister of Yugoslavia Ante Marković, and the leader of Macedonia, Kiro Gligorov. The Americans opposed the independence aspiration of Croatians and Slovenians, because they were afraid that it would lead to the ultimate falling apart of the country, which could influence the USSR. When the EC recognized Slovenia and Croatia, the Bush Administration refrained from following European countries until April 1992, considering the consequences for Bosnia and Macedonia. The peaceful and democratic nature of Macedonia’s independence placed the republic in a good position to be recognized by the United States. But Greece led a vigorous campaign against the recognition of Macedonia and the Administration of George H.W. Bush was worried that a conflict between Greece and Macedonia could spark a regional conflict in which Greece and Turkey, two members of the NATO, could clash against each other. One influence on the decision of the Bush Administration was the Greek lobby in the United States, which actively engaged in the Macedonian case and the 1992 presidential campaign. Concurrently, without establishing official diplomatic relations with Macedonia, the Americans engaged in the works of the CSCE mission and supported the preventive deployment of “blue helmets” to appease the domestic situation and contain neighbours from aggressive steps. “The Macedonian Problem,” as the bloody war in Bosnia and Herzegovina, remained unravelled by George H.W. Bush and became a problem for his successor in the White House.

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Author Biography

Sławomir Lucjan Szczesio, University of Łódź

Is a Research and Teaching Assistant at the University of Łódź, the Department of the History of Poland and the World after 1945, Faculty of Philosophy and History and he is the Secretary of the Academia at The Research Centre of the University of Łódź “The Balkans at the turn of the 20th and 21st Century”. Mr. Szczesio’s research interests focus on the history of Yugoslavia and the role of the international community (and particularly the United States) in the Yugoslav conflicts. He is the author of numerous publications and the co-editor of two books: Bośnia i Hercegowina 15 lat po Dayton. Przeszłość – teraźniejszość – perspektywy. Studia i szkice (2011) [Bosnia and Herzegovina 15 Years after Dayton. Past – Present – Prospects. Studies and Sketches], and Bałkany Zachodnie między przeszłością a przyszłością (2013) [The Western Balkans between the Past and the Future].

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Published

2014-07-26

How to Cite

Szczesio, Sławomir Lucjan. 2014. “The Policy of the George H.W. Bush’s Administration Toward Macedonia”. Politeja 11 (4 (30):227-54. https://doi.org/10.12797/Politeja.11.2014.30.20.