Mniejsza o Konstytucję! Arystokratyczny republikanizm Johna Randolpha of Roanoke
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12797/Politeja.21.2024.94.04Keywords:
John Randolph of Roanoke, Old South, Republicanism, US ConstitutionAbstract
A FIG FOR THE CONSTITUTION!’THE ARISTOCRATIC REPUBLICANISM OF JOHN RANDOLPH OF ROANOKE
John Randolph of Roanoke was an American planter, and a politician from Virginia, serving in the House of Representatives various times between 1799 and 1833, and in the Senate from 1825 to 1827. He was the leader of the ‘Old Republicans’ – a wing of the Democratic-Republican Party who wanted to restrict the role of the federal government. Randolph, influenced by Southern anti-Federalism, propounded a version of republicanism that called for the traditional patriarchal society of Virginia’s elite to preserve social stability with minimal government interference. In this article, the author examines three main pillars of Randolph’s political thought. First, the author examines Randolph’s concept of social order and his affirmation of traditional southern aristocracy. Second, he examines the theoretical basis for the defense of states’ rights having its roots in the ratification debate. Thus, while considering himself a defender of the legacy of the Founding Fathers, Randolph advocated strict interpretation of the Constitution and limitation of the power of the federal government. Third, the author presents a concept of aristocratic freedom that opposes interference of the state and majority rule. In conclusion, the author states that Randolph, while defending the old republican ethos, uses conservative arguments affirming traditions and the role of community, as well as liberal passion for freedom.
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