The Rhetoric of the “March of Independence ” in Poland (2010-2017) as the Answer for the Polic y of Multiculturalism in EU and the Refugee Crisis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12797/Politeja.16.2019.61.09Keywords:
March of Independence, nationalism, refugees, values, patriotismAbstract
In 2010, Polish far-right nationalist groups hit upon the idea of establishing one common nationwide march to celebrate National Independence Day in Poland. Since then, the participants have manifested their attachment to Polish tradition, and their anti-multicultural attitude. Much of the debate about multiculturalism and the emergence of conflictual and socially divisive ethnic groupings has addressed ethical concerns. In contrast, this paper focuses on the semiotic and structural level of the problem.
Downloads
References
Banaś M., Anti-immigrant Sentiments in Scandinavian Countries, in M. Verea (ed.), Anti-immigrant Sentiments, Actions, and Policies: The North American Region and the European Union = Sentimientos, acciones y políticas antiinmigrantes: América del Norte y la Unión Europea, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM): Centro de Investigaciones sobre América del Norte (CISAN), Mexico 2012, pp. 405–425.
Buchowski M., Chlewińska K., “Tolerance of Cultural Diversity in Poland and its Limitations”, WP5: New Knowledge on Tolerance and Cultural Diversity in Europe D5.1 Comprehensive Country Reports, ACCEPT PLURALISM 7th Framework Programme Project 2012, European University Institute, Florence.
Connor W., Ethnonationalism: A Quest for Understanding, Princeton 1994, https://doi.org/10.151/9780691186962.
Davies N., God’s Playground. A History of Poland, Vol. 2: 1795 to the Present, Oxford 1981.
Davies N., “Poland’s Multicultural Heritage”, Acta Slavica Iaponica, vol. 4 (1986), at <http://eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2115/7953/1/KJ00000034106.pdf>, 30 April 2016.
Ferguson R., Cheles L., Vaughan M. (eds.), The Far Right in Western and Eastern Europe, Longman 1995.
Fishman J., Studies on Polish Jewry, 1919-1939, Yivo Institute for Jewish Research 1974.
Gorondi P., “Hungary’s Leader Calls Migration ‘Trojan Horse’ of Terrorism”, Associated Press, 7 March 2017, at <http://www.businessinsider.com/ap-hungarys-leader-calls-migrationtrojan-horse-of-terrorism-2017-3?IR=T>, 2 July 2017.
Hale V., Poland: Multiculturalism, Immigration, Political Correctness Responsible for Nice Attacks, at <https://www.infowars.com/poland-multiculturalism-immigration-political-correctness-responsible-for-nice-attacks/>, 5 November 2017.
Inglehart R., Welzel Ch., “Changing Mass Priorities: The Link between Modernization and Democracy”, Perspectives on Politics, vol. 8, no. 2 ( June 2010), pp. 551-567, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1537592710001258.
Inglis Ch., Multiculturalism: A Policy Response to Diversity, Paris 1996.
Junes T., “The Rise of ‘Youth Nationalism’ in Poland”, Krytyka Polityczna & European Alternatives, 12 August 2016, http://politicalcritique.org/cee/poland/2016/the-rise-of-youthnationalism-in-poland/, 2 July 2017.
Korczyński T., Koń trojański i ślepcy z Europy, at <http://www.pch24.pl/kon-trojanski-i-slepcyz-europy,38111,i.html>, 12 September 2015.
Langer M., Rekordowa sprzedaż kebabów podczas Marszu Niepodległości. Jednak nie wolą „kotleta od Mahometa”, at <http://natemat.pl/161657,rekordowe-wyniki-sprzedazy-kebabowpo-prawicowym-marszu-niepodleglosci>, 4 November 2017.
Leitsch W., 1683: The Siege of Vienna, at <http://www.historytoday.com/walter-leitsch/1683-siege-vienna>, 2 November 2017.
Marszał M., Włoski faszyzm w polskiej myśli politycznej i prawnej, 1922-1939, Wrocław 2007.
Meardi G., Social Failures of EU Enlargement: A Case of Workers Voting with Their Feet, London 2013, https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203153703.
Michael R., Rosen P., Dictionary of Antisemitism: From the Earliest Times to the Present, Lanham 2007.
Młodzież Wszechpolska, The official website, at <http://mw.org.pl/about/deklaracja-ideowa/>, 1 November 2017.
Ost D., The Radical Right in Poland, chapter 5, in S.P. Ramet (ed.), The Radical Right in Central and Eastern Europe Since 1989, Penn State 1999.
Páll Árnason J., Doyle N., Domains and Divisions of European History, Liverpool 2010, https://doi.org/10.594/UPO9781846315251.
Pallister D., “Neo-fascist Clear to Resume Charity Role”, The Guardian, 6 August 1999.
Schori Liang Ch., Europe for the Europeans: The Foreign and Security Policy of the Populist, Aldershot 2007.
Skolimowski P., Poland Faces ‘Blackmail’ on Migrants, Probable Premier Says, at <http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-09-16/poland-faces-blackmail-on-migrants-probablenext-premier-says>, 1 May 2016.
Sual I. et al., The Skinhead International: A Worldwide Survey of Neo-Nazi Skinheads, New York
Taylor M., “White Europe”: 60 000 nationalist march on Poland’s Independence Day, at <https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/nov/12/white-europe-60000-nationalists-march-onpolands-independence-day?CMP=Share_AndroidApp_Facebook>, 5 November 2017.
Online Database:
Anti-Semitism in Poland, Tel Aviv University, at <https://www.tau.ac.il/Anti-Semitism/asw2006/poland.htm>, , 2 April 2017.
Amnesty International Report 2006 - Poland, at <http://www.refworld.org/docid/447ff7b511.html>, 2 April 2017.
Country Reports on Human Rights Practices 2006, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor at <https://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2006/78832.htm>, 2 April 2017.
Stosunek do uchodźców w kontekście kryzysu imigracyjnego w Europie, CBOS, “Komunikat z Badań”, no. 122/2015, Warszawa, at <http://www.cbos.pl/SPISKOM.POL/2015/K_122_15.PDF>, 1 May 2016.
Ustawa o mniejszościach narodowych i etnicznych oraz o języku regionalnym, Mniejszości Narodowe i Etniczne, Ministerstwo Spraw Wewnętrznych i Administracji, at <http://mniejszosci.narodowe.mswia.gov.pl/mne/prawo/ustawa-o-mniejszosciac/6492,Ustawa-o-mniejszosciach-narodowych-i-etnicznych-oraz-o-jezyku-regionalnym.html>, 2 April 2017.
World Values Survey Data analysis tool (Online Data Analysis, World Values Survey), at <http://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/WVSOnline.jsp>, 1 March 2017.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
