Granice Państwa Kościelnego w II połowie VIII wieku w świetle wczesnych źródeł historycznych
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12797/Politeja.16.2019.58.05Keywords:
papal state, papacy, Franks, Lombards, middle agesAbstract
Borders of the Papal State in the Second Half of 8th Century in the Light of Early Sources
In 756 as the result of donation made by frankish king Pepin papacy formally controlled duchy of Rome, part of former exarchate of Ravenna (earlier directly submitted to Ravenna), larger part of duchy of the Pentapolis and probably duchy of Perugia. Papacy claimed belonged to Lombards territory of plenaria iustitiae (part of Pentapolis and duchy of Ferrara) as well. In 765 king Desiderius transfered to papacy not plenaria iustitiae but some parts of Tuscany, duchy of Benevento and duchy of Spoleto. In 774 took place frankish intervention which destroyed lombard kingdom. Frankish king Charlemagne conveyed to pope Hadrian I new territories (lombard Tuscany, Corsica, Spoleto, Benevento, Istria, Veneto) and confirmed old donations. However the pope had not possibility to really take over these lands. In 781 as the recompensation king conveyed to Hadrian southern part of Lombard Tuscany, territory of Sabina, part of Campania and confirmed territories in exarchate and Pentapolis. Corsica, Sardinia and Sicily were added as well. In 787 papacy received next part of Campania. Determination of the shape of the territories practically controlled by the pope is very difficult because in many lands there were problems with introduction of real papal reign.
Downloads
PlumX Metrics of this article
References
Źródła:
Google Scholar
Codex Carolinus, [w:] Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Epistolae (3), Epistolae Merowingici et Karolini aevi (I), red. W. Gundlach, Berolini 1892.
Google Scholar
Liber Pontificalis I‑XCVI (usque ad annum 772) [Księga Pontyfików 1‑96 (do roku 772)], tekst łaciński i polski, przeł. P. Szewczyk, M. Jesiotr, Kraków 2014.
Google Scholar
Liber Pontificalis XCVII‑CXII (ann. 772‑891) [Księga Pontyfików 97‑112 (772‑891)], tekst łaciński i polski, przeł. A. Caba, B. Frontczak, M. Jesiotr, Kraków 2015.
Google Scholar
Pactum Hludovicii Pii cum Paschali pontefice, [w:] Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Capitularia regum Francorum (1), Additamenta ad Hludowici Pii et Hlotharii Capitularia (XI), red. A. Boretius, Hannoverae 1883.
Google Scholar
Opracowania:
Google Scholar
Borodin O.R., Rawiennskij Ekzarchat. Wizantijcy w Italii, Sankt‑Pietierburg 2001.
Google Scholar
Borri F., Duces e magistri militum nell’Italia esarcale (VI‑VIII secolo), „Reti Medievali Rivista” 2005, nr 2, https://doi.org/10.6092/1593‑2214/187.
Google Scholar
Capo L., Il Liber Pontificalis, I longobardi e la nascita del dominio territoriale della chiesa romana, Spoleto 2009.
Google Scholar
Daileader P., One Will, One Voice, and Equal Love: Papal Elections and the „Liber Pontificalis” in the Early Middle Ages, „Archivum Historiae Pontificiae” 1993, vol. 31.
Google Scholar
Dvornik F., Bizancjum a prymat Rzymu, przeł. M. Radożycka, Warszawa 1985.
Google Scholar
Fałkowski W., Wielki Król. Ideologiczne podstawy władzy Karola Wielkiego, Warszawa 2011.
Google Scholar
Goodson C., The Rome of Pope Paschal I: Papal Power, Urban Renovation, Church Rebuilding and Relic Translation, 817‑824, Cambridge 2010.
Google Scholar
Gordziałkowski J., Historia Państwa Kościelnego, Kraków 2007.
Google Scholar
Hallenbeck J.T., Instances of Peace in Eighth‑century Lombard‑Papal Relations, „Archivum Historiae Pontificiae” 1980, vol. 18.
Google Scholar
Hallenbeck J.T., Paul Afiarta and the Papacy: An Analysis of Policy in Eighth‑Century Rome, „Archivum Historiae Pontificiae” 1974, vol. 12.
Google Scholar
Hallenbeck J.T., Pavia and Rome: The Lombard Monarchy and the Papacy in the Eighth Century, Philadelphia 1982.
Google Scholar
Hallenbeck J.T., Pope Stephen III. Why Was He Elected?, „Archivum Historiae Pontificiae” 1974, vol. 12.
Google Scholar
Jasper D., Fuhrmann H., Papal Letters in the Early Middle Ages, Washington D.C. 2001.
Google Scholar
Kumor B., Historia Kościoła, t. 2: Wczesne średniowiecze chrześcijańskie, Lublin 2001.
Google Scholar
Llewellyn P., The Popes and the Constitution in the Eighth Century, „The English Historical Review” 1986, nr 101 (398), https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/CI.CCCXCVIII.42.
Google Scholar
Llewellyn P., The Roman Church on the Outbreak of Iconoclasm, [w:] Iconoclasm, red. A. Bryer, J. Herrin, Birmingham 1975.
Google Scholar
Marazzi F., Il conflitto fra Leone III Isaurico e il papato fra il 725 e il 733, e il ‘definitivo’ inizio del medioevo a Roma: un’ipotesi in discussione, „Papers of the British School at Rome” 1991, vol. 59, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0068246200009727.
Google Scholar
McCormick M., Bizancjum z perspektywy Zachodu, [w:] Bizancjum ok. 500‑1024, red. J. Shepard, przeł. K. Pachniak, J.S. Partyka, R. Piotrowski, Warszawa 2012.
Google Scholar
McKitterick R., Królestwa Karolingów. Władza, konflikty, kultura – 751‑987, przeł. B. Hlebowicz, M. Wilk, Warszawa 2011.
Google Scholar
Miller D.H., Papal‑Lombard Relations during the Pontificate of Pope Paul I: The Attainment of an Equilibrium of Power in Italy, 756‑767, „The Catholic Historical Review” 1969, vol. 55, nr 3.
Google Scholar
Miller D.H., The Roman Revolution of the Eighth Century: A Study of the Ideological Background of die Papal Separation from Byzantium and Alliance with the Franks, „Mediaeval Studies” 1974, vol. 36, https://doi.org/10.1484/J.MS.2.306158.
Google Scholar
Noble T.F.X., New Look at the Liber Pontificalis, „Archivum Historiae Pontificiae” 1985, vol. 23.
Google Scholar
Noble T.F.X., The Republic of St. Peter. The Birth of the Papal State 680‑825, Philadelphia 1986.
Google Scholar
Pieniądz A., Tradycja i władza. Królestwo Włoch pod panowaniem Karolingów 774‑875, Wrocław 2007.
Google Scholar
Ravegnani G., I bizantini in Italia, Bologna 2004.
Google Scholar
Sefton D.S., Pope Hadrian I and the Fall of the Kingdom of the Lombards, „The Catholic Historical Review” 1979, vol. 65, nr 2.
Google Scholar
Zanini E., Le Italie bizantine. Territorio, insediamenti ed economía nella provincia bizantina d’Italia (VI‑VIII secolo), Bari 1998.
Google Scholar
Zientara B., Świt narodów europejskich. Powstawanie świadomości narodowej na obszarze Europy postkarolińskiej, wyd. 2, Warszawa 2017.
Google Scholar
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Maciej Dawczyk
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
