The Role and Significance of Populist Party Leaders in Poland
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12797/Politeja.19.2022.80.04Keywords:
populism, party leaders, political parties, PolandAbstract
The article is the first attempt at describing and comparing leaders of four most important populist groupings in Poland: Samoobrona, PiS, LPR, Kukiz’15. It makes three primary contributions to the literature of the subject. In its theoretical aspect, it shows that the literature concerning the analysed issue is still at the stage of being developed. When it comes to the analysis of data, it was found that populist party leaders played an important political role in Poland. In the case of Samoobrona, PiS and Kukiz’15 they played a key role in the process of origination of their parties, while in PiS they still hold a very strong intra-party position.
Downloads
PlumX Metrics of this article
References
Albertazzi D., McDonnell D., “Introduction: The Sceptre and the Spectre”, in iidem (eds), Twenty-First Century Populism: The Spectre of Western European Democracy, New York 2008, pp. 1-11.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230592100_1
Google Scholar
Barr R.R., “Populists, Outsiders and Anti-establishment Politics”, Party Politics, vol. 15, no. 1 (2009), pp. 29-48, http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354068808097890.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1354068808097890
Google Scholar
Bértoa F.C., Guerra S., “Earthquake or Hurricane? The Rise and Fall of Populist Parties in Poland”, in S. Wolinetz, A. Zaslove (eds), Absorbing the Blow? Populist Parties and Their Impact on Party Systems, Colchester 2016, pp. 223-250.
Google Scholar
Beus J. de, “Populist Leadership”, in J. Kane, H. Patapan, P. ’t Hart (eds), Dispersed Democratic Leadership: Origins, Dynamics and Implications, Oxford 2009, pp. 83-103, https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199562992.003.0005.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199562992.003.0005
Google Scholar
Brug W. van der, Mughan A., “Charisma, Leader Effects and Support for Right-Wing Populist Parties”, Party Politics, vol. 13, no. 1 (2007), pp. 29-51, http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354068806071260.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1354068806071260
Google Scholar
Fijał M.M., “‘Poland in Europe, Europe for Poland’ National Populist Narratives on the Example of Kukiz’15”, in J. Sondel-Cedarmas, F. Berti (eds), The Right-Wing Critique of Europe Nationalist, Sovereignist and Right-Wing Populist Attitudes to the EU, London 2022, pp. 115-127, http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003226123-12.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003226123-12
Google Scholar
Gwiazda A., “Right-Wing Populism and Feminist Politics: The Case of Law and Justice in Poland”, International Political Science Review, vol. 42, no. 5 (2021), pp. 580-595, https://doi.org/10.1177/0192512120948917.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0192512120948917
Google Scholar
Hartliński M., “Twins in Power. Jarosław Kaczyński and Lech Kaczyński as Leaders of Law and Justice”, Polish Political Science Review, vol. 7, no. 1 (2019), pp. 96-106, http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ppsr-2019-0006.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ppsr-2019-0006
Google Scholar
Hartliński M., Kubát M., “Leaders of Parties or Parties of Leaders? The Position of Party Leaders and Models of Their Selection on the Example of Poland and the Czech Republic”, in A. Kasińska-Metryka, T. Gajewski (eds), The Future of Political Leadership in the Digital Age: Neo-Leadership, Image and Influence, Abingdon 2021, pp. 124-139, http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003137924-7.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003137924-7
Google Scholar
Jasiecki K., “‘Conservative Modernization’ and the Rise of Law and Justice in Poland”, in K. Bluhm, M. Varga (eds), New Conservatives in Russia and East Central Europe, London 2018, pp. 130-153, https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351020305-7.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351020305-7
Google Scholar
Jasiewicz K., “The New Populism in Poland: The Usual Suspects?”, Problems of Post-Communism, vol. 55, no. 3 (2008), pp. 7-25, https://doi.org/10.2753/PPC1075-8216550302.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2753/PPC1075-8216550302
Google Scholar
Kaltwasser C.R. et al. (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Populism, Oxford 2017.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198803560.001.0001
Google Scholar
Kasprowicz D., Hess A., „Populism in Poland – Between Demagoguery and Demophilia”, Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne, no. 2 (2017), pp. 201-214, https://doi.org/10.14746/ssp.2017.2.10.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ssp.2017.2.10
Google Scholar
Kosowska-Gąstoł B., Sobolewska-Myślik K., “Do Entrepreneurial Parties Make any Difference for Polish Politics? The Case of the Palikot Movement and Kukiz’15”, Athenaeum, vol. 63, no. 3 (2019), pp. 92-116, https://doi.org/10.15804/athena.2019.63.07.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15804/athena.2019.63.07
Google Scholar
Kosowska-Gąstoł B., Sobolewska-Myślik K., “New Parties in the Polish Party System 2011-2018: The Palikot Movement, Kukiz’15 and the Modern Party of Ryszard Petru as Genuinely New Parties?”, Central European Journal of Politics, vol. 5, no. 1 (2019), pp. 6-29.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/pce-2019-0004
Google Scholar
Kosowska-Gąstoł B., Sobolewska-Myślik K., “New Political Entrepreneurs in Poland”, Czech Journal of Political Science, vol. 24, no. 2 (2017), pp. 137-157, http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/PC2017-2-137.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5817/PC2017-2-137
Google Scholar
Krok-Paszkowska A., “Samoobrona: The Polish Self-Defence Movement”, in P. Kopecky, C. Mudde (eds), Uncivil Society? Contentious Politics in Post-Communist Europe, London 2003, pp. 114-133.
Google Scholar
Kubát M., Hartliński M., “Party Leaders in the Czech Populist Parties and Movements”, Polish Political Science Review, vol. 7, no. 1 (2019), pp. 107-119, https://doi.org/10.2478/ppsr-2019-0007.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ppsr-2019-0007
Google Scholar
Kucharczyk J., Wysocka O., “Poland”, in G. Mesežnikov, O. Gyárfášová, D. Smilov (eds), Populist Politics and Liberal Democracy in Central and Eastern Europe, Bratislava 2008, pp. 71-100.
Google Scholar
Lange S.L. de, Guerra S., “The League of Polish Families between East and West, Past and Present”, Communist and Post-Communist Studies, vol. 42, no. 4 (2009), pp. 527-549, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postcomstud.2009.10.006.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postcomstud.2009.10.006
Google Scholar
Lipiński A., Stępińska A., “Polish Right-Wing Populism in the Era of Social Media: The Unexpected Careers of Paweł Kukiz and Janusz Korwin-Mikke”, Problems of Post-Communism, vol. 66, no. 1 (2019), pp. 71-82, https://doi.org/10.1080/10758216.2018.1484667.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10758216.2018.1484667
Google Scholar
Mair P., “Populist Democracy vs Party Democracy”, in Y. Mény, Y. Surel (eds), Democracies and the Populist Challenge, Basingstoke 2002, pp. 81-98, https://doi.org/10.1057/9781403920072_5.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781403920072_5
Google Scholar
McDonnell D., “Populist Leaders and Coterie Charisma”, Political Studies, vol. 64, no. 3 (2015), pp. 719-733, https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9248.12195.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9248.12195
Google Scholar
Mizuno K., Phongpaichit P. (eds), Populism in Asia, Singapore 2009.
Google Scholar
Moroska A., Zuba K., “Two Faces of Polish Populism. The Causes of the Success and Fall of Self Defence and the League of Polish Families”, Totalitarismus und Demokratie, vol. 7, no. 1 (2010), pp. 123-148, https://doi.org/10.13109/tode.2010.7.1.123.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.13109/tode.2010.7.1.123
Google Scholar
Mudde C., Populist Radical Right Parties in Europe, Cambridge 2007, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511492037.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511492037
Google Scholar
Mudde C., Kaltwasser C.R., “Populism and Political Leadership”, in R.A.W. Rhodes, P. ’t Hart (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Political Leadership, Oxford 2014, pp. 376-388.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199653881.013.016
Google Scholar
Pakulski J., Körösényi A., Toward Leader Democracy, London 2021, https://doi.org/10.7135/ UPO9781843317715.
Google Scholar
Pankowski R., The Populist Radical Right in Poland: The Patriots, London–New York 2010.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203856567
Google Scholar
Pappas T.S., “Are Populist Leaders ‘Charismatic’? The Evidence from Europe”, Constellations, vol. 23, no. 3 (2016), pp. 378-390, https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8675.12233.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8675.12233
Google Scholar
Pauwels T., “Measuring Populism: A Quantitative Text Analysis of Party Literature in Belgium”, Journal of Elections, Public Opinion and Parties, vol. 21, no. 1 (2011), pp. 97-119, https://doi.org/10.1080/17457289.2011.539483.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17457289.2011.539483
Google Scholar
Przyłęcki P., Populizm w polskiej polityce. Analiza dyskursu polityki, Warszawa 2012.
Google Scholar
Pytlas B., “Party Organisation of PiS in Poland: Between Electoral Rhetoric and Absolutist Practice”, Politics and Governance, vol. 9, no. 4 (2021), pp. 340-353, https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.v9i4.4479.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.v9i4.4479
Google Scholar
Roberts K.M., “Populism and Political Parties”, in C.R. Kaltwasser et al. (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Populism, Oxford 2017, pp. 287-304.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198803560.013.20
Google Scholar
Stanley B., “A New Populist Divide? Correspondences of Supply and Demand in the 2015 Polish Parliamentary Elections”, East European Politics and Societies, vol. 33, no. 1 (2019), pp. 17-43, http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888325418783056.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0888325418783056
Google Scholar
Stanley B., “Confrontation by Default and Confrontation by Design: Strategic and Institutional Responses to Poland’s Populist Coalition Government”, Democratization, vol. 23, no. 2
Google Scholar
(2016), pp. 263-282, https://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2015.1058782.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2015.1058782
Google Scholar
Stanley B., “Populism in Central and Eastern Europe”, in C.R. Kaltwasser et al. (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Populism, Oxford 2017, pp. 140-160.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198803560.013.6
Google Scholar
Stanley B., Cześnik M., “Populism in Poland”, in D. Stockemer (ed.), Populism Around the World: A Comparative Perspective, Cham 2019, pp. 67-87, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96758-5_5.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96758-5_5
Google Scholar
Taggart P., “New Populist Parties in Western Europe”, West European Politics, vol. 18, no. 1 (1995), pp. 34-51, https://doi.org/10.1080/01402389508425056.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01402389508425056
Google Scholar
Taggart P., Populism, Buckingham 2000.
Google Scholar
Van Kessel S., Populist Parties in Europe: Agents or Discontent?, London 2015.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137414113
Google Scholar
Viviani L., “A Political Sociology of Populism and Leadership”, Società Mutamento Politica, vol. 8, no. 15 (2017), pp. 279-304, https://doi.org/10.13128/SMP-20860.
Google Scholar
Weyland K., “Clarifying a Contested Concept: Populism in the Study of Latin American Politics”, Comparative Politics, vol. 34, no. 1 (2001), pp. 1-22, https://doi.org/10.2307/422412.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/422412
Google Scholar
Zaslove A., “Here to Stay? Populism as a New Party Type”, European Review, vol. 16, no. 3 (2008), pp. 319-336, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1062798708000288.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1062798708000288
Google Scholar
Zuba K., “From Fringe to Fringe: The Shift From the Clericalist League of Polish Families to the Anticlericalist Palikot Movement 2001-2015”, Religion, State and Society, vol. 45, no. 2 (2017), pp. 87-105, https://doi.org/10.1080/09637494.2017.1290327.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09637494.2017.1290327
Google Scholar
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
