The Role and Significance of Populist Party Leaders in Poland

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12797/Politeja.19.2022.80.04

Keywords:

populism, party leaders, political parties, Poland

Abstract

The article is the first attempt at describing and comparing leaders of four most important populist groupings in Poland: Samoobrona, PiS, LPR, Kukiz’15. It makes three primary contributions to the literature of the subject. In its theoretical aspect, it shows that the literature concerning the analysed issue is still at the stage of being developed. When it comes to the analysis of data, it was found that populist party leaders played an important political role in Poland. In the case of Samoobrona, PiS and Kukiz’15 they played a key role in the process of origination of their parties, while in PiS they still hold a very strong intra-party position.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

  • Maciej Hartliński, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn

    PhD, associate professor at the Institute of Political Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn. His research focuses on political parties and political leadership. Head of the project Party Leaders Database (party-leaders.eu). In 2013 he launched the „Political Leadership” research group of the Polish Political Science Association. He was in charge of and participated in a considerable number of international research projects on party leadership. He has held visiting positions at University of Oxford, Indiana University – Bloomington, Ghent University and many other European universities.

References

Albertazzi D., McDonnell D., “Introduction: The Sceptre and the Spectre”, in iidem (eds), Twenty-First Century Populism: The Spectre of Western European Democracy, New York 2008, pp. 1-11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230592100_1

Barr R.R., “Populists, Outsiders and Anti-establishment Politics”, Party Politics, vol. 15, no. 1 (2009), pp. 29-48, http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354068808097890. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1354068808097890

Bértoa F.C., Guerra S., “Earthquake or Hurricane? The Rise and Fall of Populist Parties in Poland”, in S. Wolinetz, A. Zaslove (eds), Absorbing the Blow? Populist Parties and Their Impact on Party Systems, Colchester 2016, pp. 223-250.

Beus J. de, “Populist Leadership”, in J. Kane, H. Patapan, P. ’t Hart (eds), Dispersed Democratic Leadership: Origins, Dynamics and Implications, Oxford 2009, pp. 83-103, https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199562992.003.0005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199562992.003.0005

Brug W. van der, Mughan A., “Charisma, Leader Effects and Support for Right-Wing Populist Parties”, Party Politics, vol. 13, no. 1 (2007), pp. 29-51, http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354068806071260. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1354068806071260

Fijał M.M., “‘Poland in Europe, Europe for Poland’ National Populist Narratives on the Example of Kukiz’15”, in J. Sondel-Cedarmas, F. Berti (eds), The Right-Wing Critique of Europe Nationalist, Sovereignist and Right-Wing Populist Attitudes to the EU, London 2022, pp. 115-127, http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003226123-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003226123-12

Gwiazda A., “Right-Wing Populism and Feminist Politics: The Case of Law and Justice in Poland”, International Political Science Review, vol. 42, no. 5 (2021), pp. 580-595, https://doi.org/10.1177/0192512120948917. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0192512120948917

Hartliński M., “Twins in Power. Jarosław Kaczyński and Lech Kaczyński as Leaders of Law and Justice”, Polish Political Science Review, vol. 7, no. 1 (2019), pp. 96-106, http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ppsr-2019-0006. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ppsr-2019-0006

Hartliński M., Kubát M., “Leaders of Parties or Parties of Leaders? The Position of Party Leaders and Models of Their Selection on the Example of Poland and the Czech Republic”, in A. Kasińska-Metryka, T. Gajewski (eds), The Future of Political Leadership in the Digital Age: Neo-Leadership, Image and Influence, Abingdon 2021, pp. 124-139, http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003137924-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003137924-7

Jasiecki K., “‘Conservative Modernization’ and the Rise of Law and Justice in Poland”, in K. Bluhm, M. Varga (eds), New Conservatives in Russia and East Central Europe, London 2018, pp. 130-153, https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351020305-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351020305-7

Jasiewicz K., “The New Populism in Poland: The Usual Suspects?”, Problems of Post-Communism, vol. 55, no. 3 (2008), pp. 7-25, https://doi.org/10.2753/PPC1075-8216550302. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2753/PPC1075-8216550302

Kaltwasser C.R. et al. (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Populism, Oxford 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198803560.001.0001

Kasprowicz D., Hess A., „Populism in Poland – Between Demagoguery and Demophilia”, Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne, no. 2 (2017), pp. 201-214, https://doi.org/10.14746/ssp.2017.2.10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ssp.2017.2.10

Kosowska-Gąstoł B., Sobolewska-Myślik K., “Do Entrepreneurial Parties Make any Difference for Polish Politics? The Case of the Palikot Movement and Kukiz’15”, Athenaeum, vol. 63, no. 3 (2019), pp. 92-116, https://doi.org/10.15804/athena.2019.63.07. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15804/athena.2019.63.07

Kosowska-Gąstoł B., Sobolewska-Myślik K., “New Parties in the Polish Party System 2011-2018: The Palikot Movement, Kukiz’15 and the Modern Party of Ryszard Petru as Genuinely New Parties?”, Central European Journal of Politics, vol. 5, no. 1 (2019), pp. 6-29. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/pce-2019-0004

Kosowska-Gąstoł B., Sobolewska-Myślik K., “New Political Entrepreneurs in Poland”, Czech Journal of Political Science, vol. 24, no. 2 (2017), pp. 137-157, http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/PC2017-2-137. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5817/PC2017-2-137

Krok-Paszkowska A., “Samoobrona: The Polish Self-Defence Movement”, in P. Kopecky, C. Mudde (eds), Uncivil Society? Contentious Politics in Post-Communist Europe, London 2003, pp. 114-133.

Kubát M., Hartliński M., “Party Leaders in the Czech Populist Parties and Movements”, Polish Political Science Review, vol. 7, no. 1 (2019), pp. 107-119, https://doi.org/10.2478/ppsr-2019-0007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ppsr-2019-0007

Kucharczyk J., Wysocka O., “Poland”, in G. Mesežnikov, O. Gyárfášová, D. Smilov (eds), Populist Politics and Liberal Democracy in Central and Eastern Europe, Bratislava 2008, pp. 71-100.

Lange S.L. de, Guerra S., “The League of Polish Families between East and West, Past and Present”, Communist and Post-Communist Studies, vol. 42, no. 4 (2009), pp. 527-549, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postcomstud.2009.10.006. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postcomstud.2009.10.006

Lipiński A., Stępińska A., “Polish Right-Wing Populism in the Era of Social Media: The Unexpected Careers of Paweł Kukiz and Janusz Korwin-Mikke”, Problems of Post-Communism, vol. 66, no. 1 (2019), pp. 71-82, https://doi.org/10.1080/10758216.2018.1484667. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10758216.2018.1484667

Mair P., “Populist Democracy vs Party Democracy”, in Y. Mény, Y. Surel (eds), Democracies and the Populist Challenge, Basingstoke 2002, pp. 81-98, https://doi.org/10.1057/9781403920072_5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781403920072_5

McDonnell D., “Populist Leaders and Coterie Charisma”, Political Studies, vol. 64, no. 3 (2015), pp. 719-733, https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9248.12195. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9248.12195

Mizuno K., Phongpaichit P. (eds), Populism in Asia, Singapore 2009.

Moroska A., Zuba K., “Two Faces of Polish Populism. The Causes of the Success and Fall of Self Defence and the League of Polish Families”, Totalitarismus und Demokratie, vol. 7, no. 1 (2010), pp. 123-148, https://doi.org/10.13109/tode.2010.7.1.123. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13109/tode.2010.7.1.123

Mudde C., Populist Radical Right Parties in Europe, Cambridge 2007, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511492037. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511492037

Mudde C., Kaltwasser C.R., “Populism and Political Leadership”, in R.A.W. Rhodes, P. ’t Hart (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Political Leadership, Oxford 2014, pp. 376-388. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199653881.013.016

Pakulski J., Körösényi A., Toward Leader Democracy, London 2021, https://doi.org/10.7135/ UPO9781843317715.

Pankowski R., The Populist Radical Right in Poland: The Patriots, London–New York 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203856567

Pappas T.S., “Are Populist Leaders ‘Charismatic’? The Evidence from Europe”, Constellations, vol. 23, no. 3 (2016), pp. 378-390, https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8675.12233. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8675.12233

Pauwels T., “Measuring Populism: A Quantitative Text Analysis of Party Literature in Belgium”, Journal of Elections, Public Opinion and Parties, vol. 21, no. 1 (2011), pp. 97-119, https://doi.org/10.1080/17457289.2011.539483. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17457289.2011.539483

Przyłęcki P., Populizm w polskiej polityce. Analiza dyskursu polityki, Warszawa 2012.

Pytlas B., “Party Organisation of PiS in Poland: Between Electoral Rhetoric and Absolutist Practice”, Politics and Governance, vol. 9, no. 4 (2021), pp. 340-353, https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.v9i4.4479. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.v9i4.4479

Roberts K.M., “Populism and Political Parties”, in C.R. Kaltwasser et al. (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Populism, Oxford 2017, pp. 287-304. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198803560.013.20

Stanley B., “A New Populist Divide? Correspondences of Supply and Demand in the 2015 Polish Parliamentary Elections”, East European Politics and Societies, vol. 33, no. 1 (2019), pp. 17-43, http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888325418783056. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0888325418783056

Stanley B., “Confrontation by Default and Confrontation by Design: Strategic and Institutional Responses to Poland’s Populist Coalition Government”, Democratization, vol. 23, no. 2

(2016), pp. 263-282, https://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2015.1058782. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2015.1058782

Stanley B., “Populism in Central and Eastern Europe”, in C.R. Kaltwasser et al. (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Populism, Oxford 2017, pp. 140-160. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198803560.013.6

Stanley B., Cześnik M., “Populism in Poland”, in D. Stockemer (ed.), Populism Around the World: A Comparative Perspective, Cham 2019, pp. 67-87, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96758-5_5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96758-5_5

Taggart P., “New Populist Parties in Western Europe”, West European Politics, vol. 18, no. 1 (1995), pp. 34-51, https://doi.org/10.1080/01402389508425056. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01402389508425056

Taggart P., Populism, Buckingham 2000.

Van Kessel S., Populist Parties in Europe: Agents or Discontent?, London 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137414113

Viviani L., “A Political Sociology of Populism and Leadership”, Società Mutamento Politica, vol. 8, no. 15 (2017), pp. 279-304, https://doi.org/10.13128/SMP-20860.

Weyland K., “Clarifying a Contested Concept: Populism in the Study of Latin American Politics”, Comparative Politics, vol. 34, no. 1 (2001), pp. 1-22, https://doi.org/10.2307/422412. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/422412

Zaslove A., “Here to Stay? Populism as a New Party Type”, European Review, vol. 16, no. 3 (2008), pp. 319-336, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1062798708000288. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1062798708000288

Zuba K., “From Fringe to Fringe: The Shift From the Clericalist League of Polish Families to the Anticlericalist Palikot Movement 2001-2015”, Religion, State and Society, vol. 45, no. 2 (2017), pp. 87-105, https://doi.org/10.1080/09637494.2017.1290327. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09637494.2017.1290327

Downloads

Published

23-12-2022

Issue

Section

Przywództwo partyjne w polskich ugrupowaniach politycznych

How to Cite

“The Role and Significance of Populist Party Leaders in Poland”. 2022. Politeja 19 (5(80): 65-88. https://doi.org/10.12797/Politeja.19.2022.80.04.

Similar Articles

1-10 of 977

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.