Teoria działań komunikacyjnych o podstawach metapragmatycznych
Model percepcyjny
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12797/LV.20.2025.39.01Keywords:
communication activities, verbal and non-verbal communication, speech acts, reported speech, metapragmaticsAbstract
THEORY OF COMMUNICATION ACTIVITIES BASED ON METAPRAGMATICS: A PERCEPTUAL MODEL
The article presents a theory of communication activities based on metapragmatic research aimed at discovering what can be learned about language and communication from the statements of language users themselves, that is by using the reflective function of natural language (Caffi 1994; Lucy 1993; Kádár, Haugh 2013; Culpeper, Haugh 2014; Haugh 2018; Verschueren 2021). The presented theory was formulated as a result of analytical work on the Polish-language Corpus of Narration about Communication (KNOK). This corpus was created as a result of an experimental study in which participants told interviewers film scenes depicting communication activities in various modalities (Heliasz-Nowosielska 2021, 2023).
The main novelty of the theory, which is a response to the shortcomings of the existing approaches, is the claim that the model of communication activities is perceptual by nature, and the implementation of activities and their possible qualifications depend on the preferences of the users reporting them, and therefore may be divergent and discussed by the people reporting the activities themselves. Therefore, the identification and description of communication activities is only possible by discovering various dependencies between the communication activities carried out and the statements and profiles of various language users who reported these activities. However, it is not the case, as is assumed in most theories, that a researcher, guided by his or her expert knowledge, can describe the rules for implementing specific activities or indicate their unequivocal exponents or markers.
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