Fleksja rzeczownika w małopolskich rotach przysiąg sądowych

Roty środkowomałopolskie – deklinacje męska i nijaka

Abstrakt

INFLECTION OF NOUNS IN THE LESSER POLAND JUDICIAL OATHS: LESSER POLAND MIDDLE ROTA – MASCULINE AND NEUTER DECLENSIONS

The author of the article reviews the declensional forms of nouns found in the oldest Middle Polish judicial oaths according to Leski’s declension system. Within each declension, subtypes were distinguished by gender, taking into account the division into hard- and soft-stem nouns. This review was limited to common nouns, excluding anthroponyms and toponyms due to the volume constraints of this study. For the same reasons, masculine and neuter declension nouns were analyzed, first presenting material suitable for each case and number, then subjecting it to formal and statistical analysis. The conducted research allowed us to conclude that, in this fragment of the inflectional system, the persistence of its fundamentals is still quite evident. The most innovative forms, however, are as follows:
– acc. sg. declension -o-//-jo- (appearance of genitive forms in the accusative function in almost all animate nouns),
– instr. sg. declension -o-//-jo- (new ending -em< *-ъmь from the -ŭ- declension and -‘em< *-ьmь from the -i- and -en- declensions),
– loc. sg. for soft-stem nouns with almost exclusive ending -u transferred from the -ŭ- declension.

In other represented forms of inflected nouns of masculine and neuter declensions in the rotes, newer forms from the clearly expansive -ŭ- declension appeared. Variations in the distribution of endings or the process of newer and older forms rubbing against each other are illustrated by examples of parallel facultative endings, such as lista//lystu or vszitka/ vszitku in gen. sg., kmeczv//kmeczovi in dat. sg., penandzi/penandzy, grossij/groszy/grossz/grossow in gen. pl., or stawech/stawach in loc. pl.